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Thumbnail Title Description Naturalist Date Location
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, December 31, 1850Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, December 31, 1850Henry William Ravenel (Northhampton, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), December 31, 1850.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871850-12-31St. Stephen's, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Note on the usual methods of demonstrating the arithmetical rule for finding the area of a triangle when the three sides are givenNote on the usual methods of demonstrating the arithmetical rule for finding the area of a triangle when the three sides are givenA paper detailing the usual method of finding the area of a triangle with the length of all three sides knownGibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941887Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Notice of stalactites formed in artificial structuresNotice of stalactites formed in artificial structuresA short paper detailing the presence of stalactites and stalagmites in artificial structuresGibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941889Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, November 27, 1858Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, November 27, 1858Edmund Ravenel (Grove, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston College, SC), November 27, 1858.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711858-11-27Thomas Island, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, February 25, 1853Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, February 25, 1853Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), February 25, 1853.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871853-02-25Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, October 26, 1861Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, October 26, 1861Edmund Ravenel (Sullivan's Island, SC) note to Lewis Gibbes, October 26, 1861.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711861-10-26Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, January 20, 1881Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, January 20, 1881Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), January 20, 1881.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871881-01-20Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Description of Ranilia muricata Milne EdwardsDescription of Ranilia muricata Milne EdwardsA document by Lewis R. Gibbes describing the appearance of ranilia muricataGibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941859Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, June 5 (no year)Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, June 5 (no year)John Bachman letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC) June 5 (no year).Bachman, John, 1790-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Bachman, John, 1790-1874Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, April 12, 1847Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, April 12, 1847Edmund Ravenel (Grove, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes, April 12, 1847.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711847-04-12Thomas Island, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter, 1859 November 22, Lewis R. Gibbes to John H. MeansLetter, 1859 November 22, Lewis R. Gibbes to John H. MeansLetter from Lewis R. Gibbes to John H. Means. Lewis R. Gibbes defends the teaching of Geology, Physics, and Astronomy at South Carolina College.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941859-11-22South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Note to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, November 19, 1858Note to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, November 19, 1858Edmund Ravenel (Sullivan's Island, SC) note to Lewis Gibbes, November 19, 1858.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711858-11-19Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt February 24, 1844Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt February 24, 1844John P Barratt (New Market, Abbeville District, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), February 24, 1844.Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-1859; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-18591844-02-24Barrattsville, Greenwood County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 8 (no year)Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 8 (no year)Henry William Ravenel (Charleston, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), September 8 (no year).Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Catalog of the Collections of Minerals in the College of South CarolinaCatalog of the Collections of Minerals in the College of South CarolinaCooper, Thomas, 1759-1839; Brumby, Richard Trapier, 1804-1875; Vanuxem, Lardner, 1792-1848; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Martin, Daniel Strobel, 1842-1925; Shepard, Charles Upham, 1804-1886; Krantz, Adam August, 1808-18721848Richland County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Remarks on Niagara FallsRemarks on Niagara FallsIn a letter to Prof. James Hall, of Albany, N.Y., 20th August, 1856. From the Albany proceedings of the American association for the advancement of science.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Cambridge, Mass. Allen and Farnham (Publisher)1857Niagara Falls
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 12, 1858Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 12, 1858Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), September 12, 1858.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871858-09-12Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, December 5, 1859Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, December 5, 1859Henry William Ravenel (Plantation, St. John's, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), December 5, 1859.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871859-12-05St. John's, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt September 4, 1843Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt September 4, 1843John P Barratt (Barrattsville, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), September 4, 1843.Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-1859; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-18591843-09-04Barrattsville, Greenwood County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, June 6, 1855Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, June 6, 1855Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), June 6, 1855.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871855-06-06Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, March 31, 1857Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, March 31, 1857Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), March 31, 1857.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871857-03-31Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, May (no year)Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, May (no year)John Bachman letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), May (no year).Bachman, John, 1790-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Bachman, John, 1790-1874Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt September 30, 1853Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt September 30, 1853Barratt letter to Gibbes, front of page 1, he can not recommend schools at Greenwood, it is confidential; he missed Gibbes at Dr. Fosters in Ashville and would have gone to Black Mountain too, E.G. Means told him he met up with you.Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-1859; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-18591853-09-30Barrattsville, Greenwood County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt October 27, 1854Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt October 27, 1854John P Barratt (New Market P.O., Abbeville District, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), October 27, 1854.Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-1859; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-18591854-10-27Barrattsville, Greenwood County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, April 2, 1858Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, April 2, 1858Edmund Ravenel (Grove, Cooper River, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston College, SC), April 2, 1858.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711858-04-02Thomas Island, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, June 6, 1860Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, June 6, 1860Edmund Ravenel (Island, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes, June 6, 1860.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711860-06-06Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, July 21, 1879Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, July 21, 1879Henry William Ravenel (Florence, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), July 21, 1879.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871879-07-21Florence, Florence County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt April 29, 1857, front of page 1Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt April 29, 1857, front of page 1John P Barratt (New Market, Abbeville District, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes, April 29, 1857Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-1859; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-18591857-04-29Barrattsville, Greenwood County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman August 8, 1843Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman August 8, 1843John Bachman (Charleston, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Salt Sulpher Springs, VA), August 8, 1843.Bachman, John, 1790-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Bachman, John, 1790-18741843-8-8Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letters to Professor Lewis R. Gibbes from Dr. Edmund Ravenel, 1843-1861Letters to Professor Lewis R. Gibbes from Dr. Edmund Ravenel, 1843-1861Letters written by Dr. Edmund Ravenel to Professor Lewis R. Gibbes from 1843 to 1861.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941843South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman March 12, 1852Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman March 12, 1852John Bachman letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), March 12, 1852.Bachman, John, 1790-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Bachman, John, 1790-18741852-3-12Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of On a convenient form of aspiratorOn a convenient form of aspiratorOn a convenient form of aspiratorGibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941857Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of The annular phase of VenusThe annular phase of VenusA paper detailing the annular phase of the planet Venus where it's orbit brings it close to the sunGibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941890Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, January 14 (no year)Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, January 14 (no year)Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), January 14 (no year).Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of On the existence in some individuals of two insensible spots on the retinaOn the existence in some individuals of two insensible spots on the retinaA short paper by Professor Lewis R. Gibbes explaining the existence of two insensible spots on the retinaGibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941850
Thumbnail of Charleston Daily Courier, 1861 July 8Charleston Daily Courier, 1861 July 8Newspaper article from the Charleston Daily Courier by Lewis R. Gibbes detailing the appearance of a comet.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941861-7-8South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, May 27,1834Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, May 27,1834John Bachman (Charleston, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Columbia, SC), May 27,1834.Bachman, John, 1790-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Bachman, John, 1790-18741834-05-27Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, February 28, 1859Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, February 28, 1859Henry William Ravenel (Black Oak, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), February 28, 1859.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871859-02-28Black Oak, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, March 21, 1853Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, March 21, 1853Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), March 21, 1853.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871853-03-21Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, July 17, 1855Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, July 17, 1855Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), July 17, 1855.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871855-07-17Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, November 28, 1860Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, November 28, 1860Edmund Ravenel (Sullivan's Island, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston College, SC), November 28, 1860.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711860-11-28Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman March 19, 1852Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman March 19, 1852John Bachman letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), March 19, 1852.Bachman, John, 1790-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Bachman, John, 1790-18741852-3-19Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, October 21, 1884Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, October 21, 1884Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), October 21, 1884.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871884-10-21Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, December 28, 1854Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, December 28, 1854Henry William Ravenel letter to Lewis Gibbes, December 28, 1854.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871854-12-28
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, August 4, 1855Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, August 4, 1855Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), August 4, 1855.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871855-08-04Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, June 10, 1861Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, June 10, 1861Edmund Ravenel (Grove, Cooper River, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes, June 10, 1861.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711861-06-10Thomas Island, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, February 13, 1861Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, February 13, 1861Edmund Ravenel (Grove, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes, February 13, 1861.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711861-02-13Thomas Island, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, June 13, (no year)Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, June 13, (no year)Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), June 13 (no year).Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Joseph H Mellichamp, December 8, 1882Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Joseph H Mellichamp, December 8, 1882Joseph H. Mellichamp (Bluffton, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), December 8, 1882.Mellichamp, Joseph Hinson, 1829-1903; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mellichamp, Joseph Hinson, 1829-19031882-12-08Bluffton, Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, January 15, 1857Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, January 15, 1857Edmund Ravenel (Grove, St. Thomas, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes, (Charleston, SC), January 15, 1857.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711857-01-15Thomas Island, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, February 17, 1858Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, February 17, 1858Edmund Ravenel (Grove, Cooper River, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes, February 17, 1858.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711858-02-17Thomas Island, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 17, 1972Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 17, 1972Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), September 17, 1972.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871872-09-17Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, April 1, 1871Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, April 1, 1871Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), April 2, 1857.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871871-04-01Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, December 27, 1855Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, December 27, 1855Henry William Ravenel (Pooshee Plantation, St. John's, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), December 27, 1855.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871857-12-27St. John's, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 4, 1884Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 4, 1884Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), September 4, 1884.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871884-09-04Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Joseph H Mellichamp, June 9, 1885Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Joseph H Mellichamp, June 9, 1885Joseph H. Mellichamp (Bluffton, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), June 9, 1885.Mellichamp, Joseph Hinson, 1829-1903; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mellichamp, Joseph Hinson, 1829-19031885-06-09Bluffton, Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, January 10, 1860Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, January 10, 1860Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), January 10, 1860.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871860-01-10Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 14, 1870Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, September 14, 1870Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), September 14, 1870.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871870-09-14Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, October 26, 1861Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, October 26, 1861Edmund Ravenel (Sullivan's Island, SC) note to Lewis Gibbes, October 26, 1861.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711861-10-26Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, April 28, 1857Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, April 28, 1857Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), April 28, 1857.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871857-04-28Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, September 1855Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, September 1855John Bachman letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), September 1855.Bachman, John, 1790-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Bachman, John, 1790-18741855-09Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt March 27, 1848Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John P Barratt March 27, 1848John P Barratt (Barrattsville, Abbeville District, New Market P.O., SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), March 27, 1848.Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-1859; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Barratt, John Perkins, 1795-18591848-03-27Barrattsville, Greenwood County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, May 25, 1853Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, May 25, 1853Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston College, SC), May 25, 1853.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871853-05-25Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, December 13, 1860Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, December 13, 1860Edmund Ravenel (Grove, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes, December 13, 1860.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711860-12-13Thomas Island, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, October 24, 1871Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, October 24, 1871Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), October 24, 1871.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871871-10-24Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, June 22, 1870Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Henry William Ravenel, June 22, 1870Henry William Ravenel (Aiken, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (College of Charleston, SC), June 22, 1870.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-18871870-06-22Aiken, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, February 4, 1858Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from Edmund Ravenel, February 4, 1858Edmund Ravenel (Grove, St. Thomas, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes, February 4, 1858.Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-1871; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711858-02-04Thomas Island, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, November 29, 1845Letter to Lewis R Gibbes from John Bachman, November 29, 1845John Bachman (Canonsboro, SC) letter to Lewis Gibbes (Charleston, SC), November 29, 1845.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894 (Correspondent); Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Bachman, John, 1790-18741845-11-29Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail Scientific Name Family Habitat
Thumbnail Title Description Naturalist Date Location
Thumbnail of Quartz, 11632Quartz, 11632Two small geodes lined with microcrystalline quartz, var. chalcedony. Half geode (marked G') has a thick gray opaque wall, and is lined with tan granular material. The complete geode (marked G") was accidentally glued together, so the interior is no longer visible.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Genthite, 12122Genthite, 12122Heavy sample very dark gray, massive, metallic chromite, with tiny spheroidal encrustation of gray and green waxy genthite on nearly all surfaces.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Texas, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States
Thumbnail of Celestine, 5544Celestine, 5544Small cluster of finely-striated radiating white with pale blue tint celestine crystals.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Lockport, Niagra County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Margarodite, 11101Margarodite, 11101Two specimens of white and silvery muscovite mica crystals on a white to tan base of porcelaneous material with a pearly and phyllitic luster - this is the margarodite (a combination of muscovite and paragonite). A massive purple mineral is also present on the larger specimen.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Trumbull, Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States
Thumbnail of Fluorite, 8358Fluorite, 8358Small sample of colorless to white quartz drusy with at least 5 pale yellow translucent cubic fluorite crystals that are modified forming beveled or angled corners. Minor amounts of yellow gold, metallic cubic pyrite are also present.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894See Note
Thumbnail of Fluorite, 8331Fluorite, 8331Three rough cleavage blocks of pale green translucent fluorite exhibiting additional cleavage planes inside the crystals.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Muscaonge (Muskallonge) Lake, Oxbow, Theresa Township, Jefferson County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Quartz, 4436Quartz, 4436Large twinned crystal of colorless hexagonal transparent quartz with a cloudy base and minor amounts of red iron staining. Sample has an oblique fracture near the base.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Hot Springs, Garland County, Arkansas, United States
Thumbnail of Calcite, 8678Calcite, 8678Large cleavage block of colorless, transparent rhombohedral calcite with strong internal fracturing. Double refraction is strong, though not easily seen due to internal fracturing.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Rossie, Saint Lawrence County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Celestine, 5569Celestine, 5569Small cluster of brilliant white (though dirty) radiating tabular celestine crystals.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Girgenti, Agrigento, Sicily, Italy
Thumbnail of Quartz, 12117Quartz, 12117Small cluster of several stout dipyramidal hexagonal quartz crystals that are essentially colorless, though heavily included with brown inclusions.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Rossie, Saint Lawrence County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Quartz, 4519Quartz, 4519Large isolated crystal of brown translucent and opaque hexagonal termination of quartz with skeletal formation of the termination.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Opal, 11711Opal, 11711Sample of opaque, milky white opal with transparent dark yellow areas.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Franklinite, 7725Franklinite, 7725Four partial octahedral black metallic franklinite crystals that are modified with flattened corners.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, New Jersey, United States
Thumbnail of Fluorite, 8387Fluorite, 8387Specimen is a cluster of dark purple cubic fluorite (largest cube is approx 1 cm) crystals with clear crystalline quartz.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Shawneetown, Gallatin County, Illinois, United States
Thumbnail of Cinnabar, 30701Cinnabar, 30701Massive specimen of dull earthy opaque cinnabar, with no obvious crystals.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894New Almaden District, Santa Cruz Mountains, Santa Clara County, California, United States
Thumbnail of Strontianite, 8897Strontianite, 8897Specimen is a fragment of translucent white massive stronitanite with some dark gray veining.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Shepard, Charles Upham, 1804-1886Schoharie, Schoharie County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Talc, 12120Talc, 12120Sample of dark gray foliated massive material (talc or cordierite) in the process of alteration to another mineral. All embedded in a white massive calcite.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Hermon, St. Lawrence County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Coal, Bituminous, 5212Coal, Bituminous, 5212Three irregularly shaped masses of black blocky bitumen, var. albertite with conchoidal fracture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Albert Mines, Hillsborough Parish, Albert County, New Brunswick, Canada
Thumbnail of Celestine, 5545Celestine, 5545Large, heavy mass of finely-striated radiating white to pale blue celestine crystals.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Lockport, Niagra County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Sulfur, 4219Sulfur, 4219Many broken crystals of golden yellow translucent sulfur emanating from a base of white radial fibrous celestite. There is also a cluster of long slender colorless prismatic celestite with fine terminations. There are also numerous small rounded radiating aggregates of tiny colorless calcite crystals scattered across the specimen.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Agrigento, Sicily, Italy
Thumbnail of Cerussite, 8926Cerussite, 8926Two heavy specimens of many gray translucent intergrown tabular and striated cerussite crystals with much yellow and orange powdery iron oxide staining.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Perkiomen, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States
Thumbnail of Pyrophyllite, 11100Pyrophyllite, 11100Two specimens of radiating clusters of golden to tan bladed pyrophyllite crystals. Specimens have characteristic soapy feel.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Brewer Mine, Chesterfield District, Chesterfield County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Tourmaline, 6256Tourmaline, 6256Two small rocks with short stout black terminated tourmaline, var. schorl crystals. One specimen is a silvery black mica schist, while the other is a fragment of pegmatite composed of white massive feldspar (albite) and colorless massive quartz.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Deweylite, 11980Deweylite, 11980Sample of opaque, resinous, microcrystalline deweylite.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Hoboken, Hudson County, New Jersey, United States
Thumbnail of Spinel, 2090Spinel, 2090Numerous reddish brown adamantine octahedral crystals embedded in white massive calcite with silvery graphite.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Orange County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Celestine, 5546Celestine, 5546Large, heavy mass of pearly white bladed intergrown massive celestine with fine striations.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Lockport, Niagra County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Barite, 5484Barite, 5484Specimen is a heavy subrectangular seam of opaque white fibrous barite. Individual crystals are not visible.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Schoharie, Schoharie County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Andalusite, 7144Andalusite, 7144Mass of gray phyllitic rock with at least 5 pale crystals of andalusite, var. chiastolite with characteristic dark cross in through the crystal.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Calcite, 8434Calcite, 8434Seam of pearly white, opaque, fibrous calcite, var. satin spar, in a metamorphic rock composed of fine quartz, feldspar, and talc.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Fowler, St. Lawrence County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Quartz, 4691Quartz, 4691Two small nodules of translucent, microcrystalline quartz, var. chalcedony. One is a gray rounded pebble with brown veining. The other is an irregular shape with greenish yellow and brown coloration.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Mississippi River
Thumbnail of Heulandite, 30842Heulandite, 30842Dark gray amygdular basalt with a single large cavity, and several small amydgules lined with pink to colorless, translucent tabular crystals of heulandite.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Nova Scotia, Canada
Thumbnail of Garnet, 7237Garnet, 7237Large abraded crystal of dark reddish brown trapezohedral garnet, with tiny inclusions of massive quartz and mica in the crystal faces.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Brookite, 2019Brookite, 2019Ten small fragments of granular colorless and iron stained quartz with small, black pseudohexagonal dipyramidal adamantine Brookite, var. Arkansite crystals embedded within. One crystal is loose.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Magnet Cove, Hot Springs County, Arkansas, United States
Thumbnail of Calcite, 8433Calcite, 8433Specimen is somewhat cube-shaped, clear translucent crystal of calcite with a few decaying galena crystals included.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894New York (Northern), United States
Thumbnail of Cerussite, 8915Cerussite, 8915Three samples of intergrown heavily striated gray (iron or limonite stained) tabular cerussite crystals. These samples were probably once one, however the loose intergrowth of the crystals has resulted in a fragile specimen.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Perkiomen Mines, Perkiomen, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States
Thumbnail of Chondrodite, 7005Chondrodite, 7005Specimen consists of tan to brown massive chondrodite in massive white calcite with a few dark gray metallic graphite nodules.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Warwick, Orange County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Wollastonite, 6608Wollastonite, 6608Massive intergrown crystals of white gray pearly fibrous wollastonite with scattered dark green crystals of pyroxene (probably augite).Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894New York (Northern), United States
Thumbnail of Quartz, 4534Quartz, 4534Sample of massive and crystalline white translucent quartz. The crystals are small stout prismatic hexagonal anad have single pyramidal terminations. The sample is stained dark red by iron, and a coating of tiny botryoidal hematite covers most of the crystals.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Manganese Dendrites, 7885Manganese Dendrites, 7885Two samples of very fine grained brown rock with dark brown dendrites of manganese oxide on two surfaces (top and bottom).Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Dolomite, 8783Dolomite, 8783Specimen of dark gray matrix with small, dark yellow to brown, opaque, curved rhombohedrons of dolomite on drusy of colorless transparent quartz. Small white rhombhohedral dolomite also covers the bottom of the specimen.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Titanite, 7031Titanite, 7031Large specimen of dark reddish brown wedge-shaped titanite crystals with dark green opaque prismatic pargasite crystals with diamond-shaped cross section. Titanite and pargasite are in colorless to white plagioclase feldspar.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Rossie, St. Lawrence County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Brookite, 10090Brookite, 10090Two specimens of small, black pseudohexagonal dipyramidal adamantine, brookite, var. arkansite crystals quartz. The larger sample contains iron stained granular quartz, while the smaller sample contains less iron staining and colorless quartz.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Magnet Cove, Hot Springs County, Arkansas, United States
Thumbnail of Coal, Bituminous, 5213Coal, Bituminous, 5213Solidified specimen of bitumen (asphalt) with conchoidal fracture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Hula Valley and Dead Sea, Israel
Thumbnail of Quartz, 4514Quartz, 4514Rounded cluster of small white quartz drusy with reddish brown iron staining on coating the unbroken crystals. Possibly a fragment of a geode.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Tyre, Liban-Sud, Lebanon
Thumbnail of Polylithionite, 11564Polylithionite, 11564Thick mass of large dark silvery intergrown plates of mica with no surrounding matrix. Lepidolite (as the historic ID suggests) is typically pink or lavendar, thus this is probably polylithionite (formerly referred to as Zinnwaldite which is no longer a valid mineral species).Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Luhme, J. F.; Chemical DepotSteiermark (Styria), Austria
Thumbnail of Garnet, 11479Garnet, 11479Small rock sample composed of brown resinous Elaeolite with a small broken crystal of black fractured schorlomite garnet, and veins of white massive thomsonite (ozarkite).Shepard, Charles Upham, 1804-1886; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Shepard, Charles Upham, 1804-18861804Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas, United States
Thumbnail of Hematite, 2087Hematite, 2087Small thin sample of silvery gray finely grained metallic hematite.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Elba Island, Livorno, Tuscany, Italy
Thumbnail of Celestine, 5550Celestine, 5550Two specimens of fibrous pearly pale blue fibrous celestine in dark gray limestone.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Frankstown, Blaire (Huntingdon) County, Pennsylvania, United States
Thumbnail of Brookite, 7850Brookite, 7850Rock specimen composed mostly of colorless translucent granular quartz crystals with iron clay cement and numerous scattered small, black pseudohexagonal dipyramidal arkansite (brookite) crystals.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Magnet Cove, Hot Springs County, Arkansas, United States
Thumbnail of Spodumene, 6404Spodumene, 6404Large pearly white to brownish partial crystal of striated spodumene with minor amounts of silvery muscovite mica.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Goshen, Hampshire County, Massachusetts
Thumbnail of Quartz, 4638Quartz, 4638Four rounded pebbles of light and dark brown banded microcrystalline quartz (var. chalcedony, var. agate).Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Ganges Valley, India
Thumbnail of Chalcopyrite, 1885Chalcopyrite, 1885Large and heavy sample of yellow, metallic, massive chalcopyrite with isolated masses of white massive quartz. Sample is nearly completely covered with a powdery black material that is easily transferred to hands. Possibly a product of oxidization.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Aragonite, 8880Aragonite, 8880Small block of white to tan fibrous aragonite composed of at least 5 successive layers, each with tan terminations and a white base.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Southampton, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Petrified Wood, 4641Petrified Wood, 4641Small brown segment of petrified (silicified) wood. Interior structure has been obscured in the fossilization process.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Cairo, Egypt
Thumbnail of Limonite, 8149Limonite, 8149Large heavy geode of red and orange limonite (and possibly hematite) ocher.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Gypsum, 5619Gypsum, 5619Large sample of fibrous white to tan gypsum in a circular shape with a flattened base. Possibly part of a stalactitic formation.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Mammoth Cave, Edmonson County, Kentucky, United States
Thumbnail of Pinite Pseudomorph, 6136Pinite Pseudomorph, 6136Small sample of silver green massive layered pinite after replacing cordierite. Pinite is usually composed of muscovite mica and clay minerals.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Unity, Sullivan County, New Hampshire, United States
Thumbnail of Brucite, 8166Brucite, 8166Sample of yellow green waxy fibrous nemalite (a variety of brucite) on a thin specimen of massive gray serpentine.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Hoboken, Hudson County, New Jersey, United States
Thumbnail of Sulfur, 4215Sulfur, 4215Small fragment of dark gray fine-grained shale with a layer of colorless translucent gypsum crystals covering one surface. Bright yellow layer of encrusting sulfur is present on the gypsum.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Onondaga County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Andalusite, 7146Andalusite, 7146Two slabs (one thick and one thinner) of gray phyllitic rock with several crystals (5 in the thinner slab, 8 in the thicker slab) of andalusite, var. chiastolite with characteristic dark cross in through the crystal.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Chalcocite, 11680Chalcocite, 11680Rock fragment with colorless translucent quartz drusy and many irregular granular growths of chalcocite with black earthy tarnish.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Bristol, Hartford County, Connecticut, United States
Thumbnail of Garnet, 7285Garnet, 7285Large partial crystal of black dodecahedral garnet, with at least 5 embayments where other garnets grew, and numerous impressions on the crystal faces where slender crystals of an unknown mineral grew.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail Title Description Naturalist Date Location
Thumbnail Title Description Naturalist Date Location
Thumbnail Title Description Naturalist Date Location
Thumbnail of Lampanella minima, 21-249Lampanella minima, 21-249Ten turriform, marine snail shells. The shells are combinations of brown, grey, and white. A representative sample of the shells has eight whorls, a white color band, and shallow sutures. Ornamentation consists of small ribs that become increasingly smaller approaching the apices. Shallow striations cut the ribs into two nodules. The shells are dextral with an oval shaped aperture and thin lips.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Bulimulus dealbatus, 21-078Bulimulus dealbatus, 21-078Eighteen turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are primarily white, but with varying color bands of white and gray appearing vertically across each whorl. There are five whorls on each shell. The shells are dextral with ""teardrop"" shaped apertures that have a slight fold in the columellar lip of each shell.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Beadle, Elias Root, 1812-1879;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Beadle, Elias Root, 1812-1879;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Louisiana, United States
Thumbnail of Modulus modulus, 21-212Modulus modulus, 21-212Eight trochoid, marine snail shells. The shells are light tan in color with spiraling purple to chestnut dashes. The shells have approximately five whorls that reach a flattened apex. The whorls are covered in very faint nodules that merge to form deep striations on the base of the shells. The shells are dextral with oval-like apertures and slightly open umbilici.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Diodora cayenensis, 21-354ADiodora cayenensis, 21-354ATwo patellate, marine limpet shells. The shells are tan in color, with an ivory color inside. Externally, the shells have many radiating ribs. On the top of the shells, there is a subcentral keyhole-like opening, the edge of which is lighter in coloring. Internally, the keyhole-like opening is surrounded by a thick, white layer of shell.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Uniomerus carolinianus, 21-466Uniomerus carolinianus, 21-466Two freshwater mussel valves comprising one complete specimen. The exteriors are brown to tan in color with visible growth lines,the valves have a small amount of white showing at the umbos due to wear. The hinges are shallow with distinct muscle scars and a wide ventral margin.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Altamaha River, Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Caracolus marginella, 21-176Caracolus marginella, 21-176Two lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are off-white in color and have a singular dark purple color band on the body whorl which fades to a chestnut color then to yellow at the apex. The shells have four whorls with very shallow sutures. The umbilici are semi-open. The shells are dextral with ellipse-shaped apertures. Inside the apertures are four denticles.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921818Jamaica
Thumbnail of Leptodea ochracea, 21-437Leptodea ochracea, 21-437Two freshwater mussel valves (one complete specimen). The exteriors are dark brown to brown with dark green color bands, deep growth lines and striations. The thin periostracum is flaking at the umbos due to wear. The interiors are an iridescent, silver to white color. The shells have deep muscle scars and small hinge teeth. The elliptical shells have rounded posterior and anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Abbeville, Abbeville County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Lampsilis fasciola, 21-458Lampsilis fasciola, 21-458Two freshwater mussel valves, one complete specimen. The exteriors are light brown to tan and covered with growth lines and vertial striations. The umbos fade to white due to wear. The interiors are pure white in color, have deep hinge teeth, and subtle muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Hume, William, 1801-1870;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942, Hume, William, 1801-18701810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio hopetonensis, 21-001Elliptio hopetonensis, 21-001Thirty-two complete freshwater mussels, sixty-four valves. The exteriors are a deep brown color with a thick periostracum. The interiors are a silver-like, white to purple. The valves are elongated with deep growth lines and striations.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Couper, James Hamilton, 1794-1866;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-1887; Couper, James Hamilton, 1794-1866;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-18871810Altamaha River, Washington County, Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Stenotrema leai, 21-159Stenotrema leai, 21-159Two lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are white and gray in color with five whorls. Ornamentation consists of growth lines in varying shades of gray and tan. The shells are dextral with misshapened, oval apertures which present a denticle that runs parallel with the inner lip.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Lampsilis radiata, 21-342Lampsilis radiata, 21-342Two ellipse shaped freshwater mussel valves, comprising one complete specimen. The exteriors are a tan-green color with dark striations radiating from the posterior. There are also circles, silver in color, near the posterior portions. The interiors of the valves are white with a glossy, slightly iridescent coating.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Lake Saratoga, Saratoga County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio icterina, 21-430Elliptio icterina, 21-430Fourteen freshwater mussels, seven complete specimens. The exteriors of the shells vary in color from black-brown, tan, red-brown, to white with visible striae and chipping at the umbo. The interiors of the shells are a pearlescent white with a pink and green sheen. The ventral margins and muscle scars are visible.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Couper, James Hamilton, 1794-1866;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Couper, James Hamilton, 1794-1866;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Altamaha River,Georgia, United States;South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Littorina obtusata, 21-210Littorina obtusata, 21-210Thirty-nine globose, marine snail shells. The shells range in color from off-white to tan and have approximately four to five whorls that reach a flattened apex. The shells are covered in faint growth lines and striations. The shells are dextral with nearly circular apertures and thickened outer lips.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810New England
Thumbnail of Succinea campestris, 21-476Succinea campestris, 21-476Three turbinate terrestrial snail shells. The shells are white and cream in color and slightly iridescent. The shells are dextral and covered with transverse striae, each one has four whorls and well-defined sutures. The apertures are tear-drop shaped and are also slightly iridescent internally.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Merdigera obscura, 21-136Merdigera obscura, 21-136One turbinate, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is light brown with six whorls. The whorls have growth lines with deep sutures separting the whorls. The sutures are darker in color than the rest of the shell. The shell is dextral, with an oval-shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Europe
Thumbnail of Cerithium sp., 21-244Cerithium sp., 21-244Three turriform, marine snail shells. The shells are off-white, tan, and grey in color. The larger shells have seven whorls while the smaller has six. The shells are ornamented with large costae which form a nearly straight line and striae which are identified by brown coloration. The shells are dextral with semi-circular apertures and thin lips.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-18741810Manila, Philippines
Thumbnail of Caracolus marginella, 21-332-1Caracolus marginella, 21-332-1Caracolus marginella, 21-332. Apertural view with scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Cuba
Thumbnail of Caracolus marginella, 21-332-2Caracolus marginella, 21-332-2Caracolus marginella, 21-332. Apertural view of specimen.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Cuba
Thumbnail of Caracolus marginella, 21-332-3Caracolus marginella, 21-332-3Caracolus marginella, 21-332. Apical view with scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Cuba
Thumbnail of Caracolus marginella, 21-332-4Caracolus marginella, 21-332-4Caracolus marginella, 21-332. Apical view of specimen.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Cuba
Thumbnail of Caracolus marginella, 21-332Caracolus marginella, 21-332One lenticular, terrestrial snail shell. The exterior is a light brown with a prominent dark brown band that extends from the aperture through each whorl fading toward the apex. The interior is marked with vertical brown striations that radiate from the apex. The shell is dextral, marked with faint growth lines and light striations, and has an open umbilicus. The aperture has a thickened lip and is semi-circular in shape.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Cuba
Thumbnail of Terebra concava, 21-038Terebra concava, 21-038One turriform, marine snail shell. The shell is white in color with ten whorls. Ornamentation consists of raised lines between each whorl, with small nodules sticking up on each line. It is a symmetrically repeating pattern. There is a small hole near the apex of the shell. The shell is dextral with an "oval" shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Monetaria moneta, 21-044Monetaria moneta, 21-044Two marine, snail shells. Irregular and flattened with calloused edges in a roughly sub-hexagonal in shape. Pale white to dirty beige in color. The aperture is wide with pronounced denticules.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Africa
Thumbnail of Cyprogenia stegaria, 21-439Cyprogenia stegaria, 21-439Two valves comprising one complete freshwater mussel. The exteriors are brown to tan in color with dark green color bands and are covered with growth lines and striations. The interiors are a slightly iridescent, white color with a small amount of silver interior nacre. The shells have a thick periostracum that is flaking due to wear. The circular shaped shells have deep muscle scars, large hinge teeth, and rounded posterior and anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Ringicella ringens, 21-173Ringicella ringens, 21-173One terrestrial snail shell. The shell is off-white in color with dark brown color bands. The shell has four whorls with very shallow sutures with faint growth lines. The apex of the shell is flattened. The aperture of the shell is semi-circular and facing upward, toward the spire. Inside of the aperture there are denticles.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South America
Thumbnail of Trochulus sericeus, 21-139Trochulus sericeus, 21-139Seven lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are white in color and give the appearance of being somewhat transparent. The shells have approximately six whorls and are covered in tiny hairs and growth lines going around each whorl. The shells are dextral, with oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Cyclonaias pustulosa, 21-464Cyclonaias pustulosa, 21-464One freshwater mussel valve. The exterior is heavily textured and dark brown with very deep growth lines accompanied by large nodules. The interior is iridescent with prominent hinge teeth.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Tympanotonos fuscatus, 21-241Tympanotonos fuscatus, 21-241Two turriform, marine snail shells. The shells are dark brown in color. The intact shell has eleven whorls while the damaged shell shows only eight whorls; both have shallow sutures. The shells have thin lips and are adorned with large, upward pointing spines that become smaller as the whorls approach the apices. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-18741810Liberia
Thumbnail of Hamiota altilis, 21-457Hamiota altilis, 21-457Two freshwater mussel valves, one complete specimen. The exteriors are dark brown and white near the umbos where the periostracum is flaking due to wear. Growth lines are also present on the exteriors. The interiors are iridescent and show muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942, White, George Washington, 1802-18871810Etowah River, Alabama, United States
Thumbnail of Stagnicola palustris, 21-525Stagnicola palustris, 21-525Two turbinate freshwater snail shells. The shells range from a dull gray to tan in color. The shells are covered in transverse growth lines and have five whorls with distinct sutures. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810France
Thumbnail of Chaetopleura apiculata, 21-049Chaetopleura apiculata, 21-049One marine chiton. Consists of eight overlapping shell plates in a light tan color that are surrounded by a dark brown girdle. Bilaterally symmetrical.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421856-03-26Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Acteocina canaliculata, 21-354JActeocina canaliculata, 21-354JOne bulloid, marine snail shell. The shell is ivory in color and has a glossy appearance. The shell has three whorls and shallow sutures, and a short spire. The shell has a long aperture that is wide anteriorly and narrow posteriorly. The shell has thin lips and is dextral.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Lampsilis siliquoidea, 21-433Lampsilis siliquoidea, 21-433Two freshwater mussel valves (one complete specimen). The exteriors are light brown to tan in color, with green color bands. The interiors are an iridescent, silver to white color with shallow muscle scars and small hinge teeth. The shells have silver interior nacre and a thin periostracum that is flaking near the umbos due to wear. The valves are elongated and covered with growth lines and striations. The valves are auriform in shape with rounded anterior and posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Mississippi Drainage
Thumbnail of Triodopsis palliata, 21-190Triodopsis palliata, 21-190One lenticular, terrestrial snail shell. Coloration is pale gray with the exterior of the shell covered in distinct striations. The shell is dextral with an oblong-lunate and thinkened basal lip, a depressed heliciform shape, and five whorls. There is a tongue shaped denticle in the parietal wall of the irregularly shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia
Thumbnail of Polygyra cereolus, 21-507Polygyra cereolus, 21-507One hundred and sixteen lenticular land snail shells of similar sizes. The shells range from white to tan to brown in color and are simple. The shells have six whorls with deep sutures and are covered in transverse growth lines. The shells are dextral and have oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Key West, Monroe County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Crassispira fuscescens, 21-137Crassispira fuscescens, 21-137One turriform, marine snail shell. The shell is brown in color with white coloration throughout. The shell has approximately seven whorls. The ornamentation consists of an intricate pattern of raised vertical striations and growth lines that run perpendicular to the vertical striations. The shell is dextral with a teardrop shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Cerithideopsis scalariformis, 21-236Cerithideopsis scalariformis, 21-236Ten turriform, marine snail shells. The shells are tan to grey in color. A representative sample shows nine whorls with deep sutures. The representative shell is ornamented with growth lines which give the shell a wavy appearance, these lines become smaller and more faint approaching the apex. The shells are dextral with semi-circular apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-18491810Key West, Monroe County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio folliculata, 21-401BElliptio folliculata, 21-401BSixteen valves comprising seven complete freshwater mussels with two odd valves. The exteriors of the shells range in color from light to dark brown and black. Subtle growth lines appear along the exteriors and the periostracum is flaking off, especially around their umbos. Shallow muscle scars are visible on the interior of the shells, which are iridescent with areas of light brown. The ellipse shaped shells have very small hinge teeth. The shells have rounded anterior edges and pointed posterior edges. The shells are covered with a brown dirt that gives them a rusty appearance.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Abbeville, Abbeville County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Helix auricoma, 21-133Helix auricoma, 21-133Seven lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are white where no periostracum remains and tan in color where periostracum remains. There are approximately five whorls. The shells are dextral with distinctive growth lines and ""D"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Hume, Alexander, 1795-1848;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Hume, Alexander, 1795-1848;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cuba
Thumbnail of Gemophos viverratus, 21-296Gemophos viverratus, 21-296One turbinate, marine snail shell. The shell is chocolate brown with white dashed color bands that are tightly wound around the shell. Suturing is very shallow and the apex is missing, at least three whorls present. The shell is dextral with an ovate aperture and short siphonal canal.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Senegal
Thumbnail of Epitonium occidentale, 21-046Epitonium occidentale, 21-046Five turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are white in color with six to eight whorls. The shells have distinct raised, white axial costae on each whorl. Deep sutures separate each whorl. The shells are dextral, with circular shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Viviparus georgianus, 21-265Viviparus georgianus, 21-265Sample of tightly packed cluster of fossilized gastropods cemented with limestone cement. Many in the large cluster are broken and several casts are present where shells once were. One small sample of three shells cemented together and three isolated shells are also present.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; W. Gibbes;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810St. Johns River, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Amblema plicata, 21-442Amblema plicata, 21-442Four freshwater mussel valves (one complete freshwater specimen and two partials). The exteriors are dark brown, brown, and tan in color with and a thick periostracum that is flaking due to wear. The interiors are an iridescent, silver to white nacre. The auriform shaped shells are elongated and covered with growth lines, striations, and pronounced costae. The shells have moderately sized muscle scars, large hinge teeth, and rounded anterior and squared posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Alabama River, Alabama, United States
Thumbnail of Marmorana scabriuscula segestana, 21-152Marmorana scabriuscula segestana, 21-152One lenticular, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is off-white in color with four whorls. The ornamentation consists of growth lines that vary in darkness of color. The shell is dextral with an oval-shaped aperture. The outer lip of the aperture is slightly reflected on the base of the shell.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National de Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sicily, Italy
Thumbnail of Gongylostoma elegans, 21-031Gongylostoma elegans, 21-031Nineteen turriform, terrestrial snail shells. The coloration varies by whorl from white to gray to light brown. Each shell has eleven whorls with little to no ornamentation. The shells are smooth with tiny vertical striations. The shells are dextral with circular shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cuba
Thumbnail of Gyroscala rupicola, 21-354KGyroscala rupicola, 21-354KOne turbinate, marine snail shell. The interior of the shell is an ivory color. The exterior of the shell has a base color of ivory with a dark brown bands visible on the body whorl and is with ribs. The shell has seven convex whorls and deep, well-defined sutures. The shell is dextral with an oval shaped aperture and thick lips that are slightly reflected onto the base of the shell.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Globularia sigaretina, 21-333Globularia sigaretina, 21-333One globose, marine snail shell. The shell is off-white in color with a slightly glossy appearance. The shell has six whorls with a very large body whorl. Faint vertical growth lines radiating from the apex cover the shell. The shell is dextral with a tear-drop shaped aperture. The umbilicus of the shell is closed and the inner lip of the aperture is slightly thickened and reflected onto the base.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Grignon, France
Thumbnail of Polymita picta, 21-180Polymita picta, 21-180One lenticular, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is a bright yellow color with a dark brown color band spiraling from the flattened apex. The shell has three whorls with extremely shallow sutures and very faint growth lines covering the shell. The shell is dextral with a large oval-shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921818Cuba
Thumbnail of Epioblasma triquetra, 21-392Epioblasma triquetra, 21-392Four valves which form two complete freshwater mussel specimens. The valves are tan in color with greenish hues on the exterior and reach a darker brown to black color near the hinges. The exterior of the valves have an angled arch that gives them a triangular shape. Thin striations radiate from the hinges of the valves. The interior of the shells are white in color with a slight pearlescent hue.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Glyphyalinia sculptilis, 21-129Glyphyalinia sculptilis, 21-129One lenticular, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is white with approximately five whorls. The shell has growth lines around each whorl. The sutures between each whorl are present but shallow. The shell is dextral, with an oval aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Plicopurpura patula, 21-287Plicopurpura patula, 21-287One turbinate, marine snail shell. The dorsal side is dark gray with brown nodules. The shell has three whorls with majority of the shell being the body whorl which has prominent nodes. The nodules run along the shell with the growth lines. The apertural side is gray and a cream white in color. The inductura is a half peach pink and half dark purple brown. The shell is dextral with a D-shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810East Indies
Thumbnail of Ladislavella elodes, 21-500Ladislavella elodes, 21-500Six turbinate freshwater snail shells. The shells are gray to tan in color with a slightly reflective appearance. Some of the shells are covered in a dusty brown sediment. The shells have four whorls, transverse growth lines, and deep, well-defined sutures. The shells are dextral with large oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Thumbnail of Cyclonaias tuberculata, 21-435Cyclonaias tuberculata, 21-435Four freshwater mussel valves (two complete specimens). The exteriors are brown to light brown in color. Deep growth lines, striations, and large nodules cover the exteriors. and a thick periostracum. The thick periostracum is beginning to flake on the umbos and nodules, due to wear. The interiors are an iridescent, silver to pink color. The oval shaped valves have deep muscle scars, large hinge teeth, squared posterior edges and rounded anterior edges. Shells 21-435.3 and 21-435.4 are covered in sand, giving them a moldy appearance.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Hume, William, 1801-1870;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Hume, William, 1801-1870;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Otala lactea, 21-154Otala lactea, 21-154One lenticular, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is tan and gray in color with four whorls. The apex of the shell is more gray. There are faint tan color bands and growth lines on the shell. The shell is dextral with an oval-like aperture. The outer lip of the aperture is slightly thicker.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921818Valparaiso, Okaloosa County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Liguus fasciatus, 21-008Liguus fasciatus, 21-008One turbinate, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is white with gray shading. The dextral shell has six whorls with brown sutures and a ""D"" shaped aperture. ""Florida"" is handwritten in pencil on the bottom whorl on the dorsal side of the shell near the aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Littoraria irrorata, 21-354PLittoraria irrorata, 21-354POne turbinate, marine snail shell. The shell is tan to ivory in color, with a white color inside. The shell has brown streaks. The shell is covered with growth lines and striations. The shell has five whorls and shallow, well-defined sutures. The shell has an oval shaped aperture, and thin lips. The shell is dextral and has a pointed apex.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Charleston Neck, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Quadrula quadrula, 21-432Quadrula quadrula, 21-432Three freshwater mussels, (one complete specimen and one valve). The exteriors are dark brown with striae and nodules. The interiors are a pearlescent white with visible wide ventral margins and muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Blanding, William, 1773-1857;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Blanding, William, 1773-1857;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Streptartemon deformis, 21-253Streptartemon deformis, 21-253Two lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are light brown in color, are absent of typical ornamentation and are instead smooth and glass-like on the surface. The shells are dextral and have five whorls, which become bulbous approaching the semicircular apertures. The lips of the shells are thin and do not reflect onto the shells' bodies.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Demerara River, Guyana;Brazil
Thumbnail of Gonidea angulata, 21-350Gonidea angulata, 21-350Ten ellipse-shaped freshwater mussel valves, comprising five complete specimens. The exterior of the valves is very dark brown to dark green with thick growth lines radiating from the hinge. There are areas of a lighter tan color near the hinge. The interior of the shell is off-white to light green in color with an iridescent hue.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Calaveras River, Calaveras County, California, United States;Tuolumne River, Tuolumne County, California, United States
Thumbnail of Ptychobranchus fasciolaris, 21-395Ptychobranchus fasciolaris, 21-395Two valves that form one complete freshwater mussel specimen. The vavles are light brown in color with spots of darker brown spread across their exterior. The valves reach a white color on their hinges, and are also covered in thin horizontal growth lines that radiate from the hinges of the valves to their edges. The interior of the shells are white in color with a pearlescent hue.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Hume, William, 1801-1870;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Hume, William, 1801-1870;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Physella gyrina, 21-499APhysella gyrina, 21-499ATwo turbinate freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are a glossy tan to gray in color and appearance. The shells have four whorls, transverse growth lines and moderately defined sutures. The shells are sinistral with semicircular shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810New England
Thumbnail of Akera bullata, 21-113Akera bullata, 21-113Three obovate, marine snail shell fragments. The shells are white and gray in color and extremely fragile. The shells have approximately three whorls. The shells are mostly smooth, with growth lines throughout. The shells are dextral, with elongated, teardrop-shaped apertures. The shells were stored in a paper match box. The box has green sides, a yellow top with an orange sunset, and a green bottom.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Coast of Morbihan, Brittany, France
Thumbnail of Mercenaria campechiensis, 21-285Mercenaria campechiensis, 21-285Two large marine valves, forming one complete bivalve. The valves are a cream, gray, and white in color. Growth lines run horizontally across the valves on both the dorsal and ventral sides. Specimen 21-285.1 has a pinkish red stain on the dorsal side.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Cochlicopa lubrica, 21-496Cochlicopa lubrica, 21-496Fourteen turbinate terrestrial snail shells. The shells are gray to brown in color and have a very glossy appearance. The shells are dextral with four whorls and deep, well-defined sutures. The shells have teardrop shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Succinea campestris, 21-508Succinea campestris, 21-508Ninety-five turbinate, land snail shells of varying sizes. The exteriors are simple and varying shades of beige in color. The dextral lshells have three whorls, distinct sutures, transverse color bands, and oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Hopeton Plantation, Glynn County, Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Lunella torquata, 21-376Lunella torquata, 21-376One large lenticular saltwater marine snail shell. The shell light brown, tan, and gray. There are two whorls with visibly deep striae running from the sutures to the outer edge. There appears to be worm casings on the dorsal side. The aperture is dextral and circular shaped. The shell has an open, deep umbilicus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-18741810Australia
Thumbnail of Bothriembryon melo, 21-011Bothriembryon melo, 21-011Two turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The coloration is white with a grayish hue. There are spots of dark gray across some of the shells. The shells have five whorls each with vertical striations running across each whorl. The shells are dextral with ""teardrop"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Muséum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Australia
Thumbnail of Biotocus turbinatus, 21-188Biotocus turbinatus, 21-188One trochoid, terrestrial shell. The shell is brown in color. There are four whorls on the shell, with only faint growth lines. The aperture of the shell is dextral and inside there are multiple small denticles. The aperture also has a slightly thicker basal lip.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Brazil
Thumbnail of Potamilus purpuratus, 21-441Potamilus purpuratus, 21-441Four freshwater mussel valves (two complete specimen). The exteriors are dark brown, brown, and tan in color. The interiors are an iridescent silver, white, and pink color with sharp bumps. Shell 21-441.1 has a large shelf-like bulge on the interior. The shells have silver interior nacre and a thick periostracum that has flaked off most of their exteriors. The elongated shells are elliptical in shape with growth lines and striations. The valves have moderately sized muscle scars, small hinge teeth, and rounded posterior and anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Barratt, John P., 1795-1859;Blanding, William, 1773-1857;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Barratt, John P., 1795-1859;Blanding, William, 1773-1857;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio River, Louisville, Jefferson County, Kentucky, United States
Thumbnail of Echinolittorina ziczac, 21-264Echinolittorina ziczac, 21-264Sixty-two turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are gray with a brown to darker gray zig zag vertical striping that gives a zebra like appearance. A representative shell has six whorls with shallow, but distinct sutures. The representative shell, like a few others in this lot, has retained its operculum. The shells are dextral with tear drop shaped apertures and thin lips.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-18491810Indian Key, Monroe County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Melampus bidentatus, 21-037Melampus bidentatus, 21-037Thirteen obovate, terrestrial snail shells. The shells range in color from white to dark gray. There are approximately four whorls on each shell (the number is difficult to determine as the whorls have been worn, over time). The shells are smooth with little ornamentation. Some have vertical striations along the whorls. The interior surface of some shells have raised lines which can be seen in the aperture. The shells are dextral with ""teardrop"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina
Thumbnail of Lampsilis radiata, 21-357Lampsilis radiata, 21-357Two valves comprising one complete freshwater mussel specimen. The elliptical-shaped valves are brown to tan in color, with green colored bands. Internally, the valves are iridescent, and are silver to white in color. The valves have silver interior nacre and a thick periostracum. The periostracum on the umbos of the valves is flaking off due to wear. The valves are elongated and are covered with growth lines and striations. The valves have shallow muscle scars and moderately sized hinge teeth. The valves have rounded posterior edges and rounded anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Beadle, Elias Root, 1812-1879;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Beadle, Elias Root, 1812-1879, Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Canada to Texas
Thumbnail of Echinolittorina mespillum, 21-115Echinolittorina mespillum, 21-115Four globose, marine snail shells. The shells are brown with approximately two to three whorls. The shells have growth lines and small malleations on each whorl. The shells are dextral with oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cuba
Thumbnail of Lampsilis ovata, 21-286Lampsilis ovata, 21-286Two freshwater valves, one complete bivalve. The shells are dark tan with black color bands that radiate from the umbo to the outer edge. The ventral side of the shell is an iridescent pearl white. Specimen 21-286.2 has a paper label adhered to the dorsal side and a label written on the shell on the ventral side.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Conrad, Timothy Abbott, 1803-1877;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Conrad, Timothy Abbott, 1803-1877;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Alabama, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio icterina, 21-454Elliptio icterina, 21-454Six freshwater mussels, three complete specimens. The exteriors are green-brown in color and have subtle growth lines along with vertical striations. The interiors are white to iridescent in coloration. One shell has pink discoloration on the interior. One bivalve is held secured by a delicate string.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Pleurocera canaliculata, 21-518Pleurocera canaliculata, 21-518One turriform, freshwater snail shell. The shell is tan with transverse growth lines. Sutures form small ledges between the five flat whorls. The dextral shell has a small, irregular oval-shaped aperture. The thin outer lip shows slight damage.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio hopetonensis, 21-403Elliptio hopetonensis, 21-403Two valves comprising one complete freshwater mussel. The exteriors of the shells exhibit varying shades of brown to an olive green color. Interiorly, the shells are an iridescent, silver to white color. The shells are covered with growth lines and the periostracum is flaking off of near the umbos. The shells have shallow muscle scars and large hinge teeth. The ellipse shaped shells have rounded anterior edges and squared posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Mercenaria mercenaria, 21-284Mercenaria mercenaria, 21-284One large marine valve. The dorsal side is reddish-tan, white, and dark brown in color with slightly raised growth lines. The ventral side is cream-white with a purple spot at the ventral margin and noticeable muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Erctella mazzullii, 21-153Erctella mazzullii, 21-153One turbinate, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is off-white in color with four whorls. The ornamentation consists of clearly defined vertical striations. The shell is dextral with a wide, oval aperture. The outer lip of the aperture is slightly reflected.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National de Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sicily, Italy
Thumbnail of Tympanotonos fuscatus, 21-240Tympanotonos fuscatus, 21-240One turriform, marine snail shell. The shell is brown with a lighter brown color band just beneath the suture. There are twelve whorls with shallow sutures. The shell is adorned with large protruding nodules on each whorl and clear growth lines giving a wave-like appearance on the surface. The shell is dextral with an oval shaped aperture and a thin lip.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Senegal, Africa
Thumbnail of Medora dalmatina, 21-029Medora dalmatina, 21-029Two turriform, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are white to light brown in color with ten whorls each. The body whorl is brown. One of the shells has been greatly damaged, but the intact shell has deep vertical striations on the body whorl. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Muséum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810France
Thumbnail of Elliptoideus sloatianus, 21-444Elliptoideus sloatianus, 21-444Four freshwater mussel valves comprising two complete specimens. The exteriors are dark brown to brown in color with thick periostracum that is flaking near the umbos due to wear. The interiors are an iridescent, silver to white color with silver interior nacre. The elongated shells are covered with growth lines, striations, and pronounced costae. The ""elephant ear"" shaped shells have moderately sized muscle scars, moderately sized hinge teeth, rounded anterior edges and pointed posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Lucerna lamarckii, 21-157Lucerna lamarckii, 21-157Two lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are tan in color with four whorls. Growth lines, light striations, and very shallow sutures are present. The shells are dextral with an elongated, oval aperture. The outer lip of the aperture is slightly reflected and two denticles are present within the inner lip. The interior of the aperture and the lips have a glossy finish.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Jamaica
Thumbnail of Scaphander lignarius, 21-128Scaphander lignarius, 21-128One bulloid, marine snail shell. There are no whorls on this shell. The shell is tan, with a border of white around the outside. The growth lines are dark red and brown. The inside of the shell is white. The shell is dextral, with an elongated teardrop-shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-18741810Irish Sea
Thumbnail of Sayella fusca, 21-494Sayella fusca, 21-494Six turbinate marine snail shells. The exteriors are a glossy tan in color and appearance with some shells having darker color streaks. The shells have four to five whorls, deep well-defined sutures, and are covered in transverse growth lines. The shells are dextral with semi-circular shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810New York Bay
Thumbnail of Valvata sincera, 21-547Valvata sincera, 21-547Seven minute, lenticular freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are white and covered with transverse growth lines. The shells have two whorls, deep sutures, and open umbilici. The dextral shells have rounded apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Vermont, United States
Thumbnail of Chama pacifica, 21-416Chama pacifica, 21-416One marine saltwater valve. The shell is tan in color with raised and rigid costae on the dorsal side. The ventral side is also tan. There are visible muscle scars, and the pallial line is also visible. The ventral margin has a prominent ridge around it.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810East Indies
Thumbnail of Amphibola crenata, 21-540Amphibola crenata, 21-540Two trochoid snail shells that are marine and terrestrial. The exteriors are dull and gray to brown in color. Internally, the shells are tan to brown. The shells have three to four whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and are covered with slightly raised transverse growth lines. The dextral shells have oval shaped apertures and slightly open umbilici.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Australia
Thumbnail of Eurynia dilatata, 21-462Eurynia dilatata, 21-462Nine freshwater valves, four complete specimens and one unpaired valve. The exteriors are dark brown to tan in color with visible growth lines and vertical striations. The interiors are iridescent with visible muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Littorina saxatilis, 21-112Littorina saxatilis, 21-112One turbinate, marine snail shell. The shell is off-white and tan with four whorls. The shell has raised striations on each whorl and growth lines near the apex. The shell is dextral and has an oval-shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Epitonium angulatum, 21-045Epitonium angulatum, 21-045Nine turbinate, marine snail shells that are white to tan in color. Each shell has six to eight whorls. Distinct ornamentation is found on each of these shells. The ornamentation consists of deep sutures, which separate the whorls. The whorls only touch where the white axial costae cross the suture to the next whorl. The costae numbers vary along each whorl. The shells are dextral, with an ""oval"" shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421857-01Oaks Island, Waccamaw River, Georgetown County, South Carolina, United States;Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Spisula solidissima, 21-428Spisula solidissima, 21-428Eight saltwater clam valves. Six of the valves pair to make their original bivalve form with two unmatched valves remaining. The exterior coloring varies from a creamy-white, to a dark tan, and a peachy-pink (21-428.1). Striae are also visible on the exteriors. The interiors of the shells are a creamy-white with visible ventral margins and muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Brumby, Richard Trapier, 1804-1875;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Brumby, Richard Trapier, 1804-1875;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Gulf of Mexico
Thumbnail of Lampsilis cardium, 21-277Lampsilis cardium, 21-277Ten valves forming five complete freshwater mussels. The exteriors are light brown with dark blue/black color bands that radiate from the umbo to the outer edge of the shells. Growth lines are visible. The interiors are iridescent white, pink, and green with visible muscle scars. The smallest specimen remains complete and sealed.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-18871810Ohio River, Louisville, Jefferson County, Kentucky, United States
Thumbnail of Ariophanta laevipes, 21-170Ariophanta laevipes, 21-170One lenticular, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is off-white to slightly tan in color with chestnut color bands and five whorls. There is a dark black spot near the apex of the shell and faint growth lines. The shell is sinistral with a lunate and diagonal aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Himalaya
Thumbnail of Epitonium multistriatum, 21-354QEpitonium multistriatum, 21-354QOne turbinate, marine snail shell. The shell is tan in color, with brown colored bands, and with an ivory color inside. The shell is covered with ribs. The shell has seven whorls and deep, well-defined sutures. The shell has an oval shaped aperture, and thick lips that are reflected onto the base of the shell. The shell is dextral and has a pointed apex.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Naticidae (indeterminate), 21-348Naticidae (indeterminate), 21-348Twenty-one globose, marine snail shells. The shells are off-white to light tan in color and have faint darker striations with slight growth lines. Closer to the apex the striations become deeper and more defined. The shells are dextral with four whorls. The apertures of the shells are tear-drop shaped and the umbilici are calloused but partially open.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Chlorostoma argyrostomum, 21-290Chlorostoma argyrostomum, 21-290One lenticular, marine snail shell. The shell is dark gray to nearly black in color with four whorls and slightly raised striae appearing vertically up the whorls. A black band (possibly a stain) appears on the body whorl. The apertural side is cream and dark purple with and emerald green spot at the closed umbilicus. The shell is dextral with a ""D"" shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-18741810China Seas
Thumbnail of Diloma nigerrimum, 21-537Diloma nigerrimum, 21-537One globose, marine snail shell. The exterior is gray near the aperture and gradually transitions to tan nearing the apex, likely due to wear. Internally, the shell is cream with an iridescent sheen. The shell has five whorls and is covered in striae that run vertically around each whorl. The dextral shell has a rounded aperture, a thin outer lip, and a thick inner lip.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Chile
Thumbnail of Chama florida, 21-109Chama florida, 21-109Three patellate, salt water clam valves. Coloration is white and gray with small spots of pink and purple around the beak and exterior of the shells. Ornamentation includes raised striae or evidence of previously existing raised striae along the growth lines. Contributed by Mr. C. Gibbes.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Morum oniscus, 21-295Morum oniscus, 21-295Two obconical, marine snail shells. The shells are a creamy off-white with small specks of orange and brown closer to the lip of the shell. Very fine growth lines are visible along with nodules that run vertically up the body whorls of the shells. The apertures are elongated and both have small fragments of debris stuck in them. The smallest specimen is missing the apex but the other specimen appears to have three whorls. The shells are dextral with a long narrow aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Utterbackiana couperiana, 21-409Utterbackiana couperiana, 21-409Twenty valves comprising ten complete freshwater mussels. The shells are medium to dark brown and an olive green color. The periostracum is beginning to flake off of the shells at the umbos. Subtle growth lines are present on the exterior of the shells. Internally, the shells are an iridescent, silver to white color. The shells have very shallow muscle scars and no visible hinge teeth. The ellipse shaped shells have rounded anterior edges and rounded posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States;South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Melampus coffea, 21-535Melampus coffea, 21-535Three turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The exteriors are tan with beige color bands and is slightly reflective. Internally, the shells are cream. The shells have six whorls, shallow sutures, and are covered with transverse growth lines. The dextral shells have slit-shaped apertures. Large teeth are visible inside the shells' apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Cerion incanum, 21-026Cerion incanum, 21-026One turriform shell of a salt tolerant terrestrial snail. Dextral with ten whorls and faint growth lines. The shell is greyish-white with a single small parietal lamina visible in the aperture. The aperture is auriform in shape.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Key West, Monroe County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Mesodon normalis, 21-448Mesodon normalis, 21-448Two trochoid terrestrial snail shells. The exteriors of the shells are tan in color and have a dull appearance. The interiors of the shells have a reflective appearance and are a slightly iridescent cream color. The very thin shells have well-defined sutures and are covered with transverse growth lines. (The damaged shell is especially thin.) The periostracum of the intact shell is flaking near its apex and its lip due to wear. The intact shell has six whorls,an oval shaped aperture and a broad, flat lip that is reflected onto its base. A single wide, bump-like tooth can be found on the columellar margin of the intact shell's aperture. The shells are dextral.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Pendleton, Anderson County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Physa fontinalis, 21-562Physa fontinalis, 21-562Ten turbinate freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are transparent, reflective and white to cream in color. The shells have three whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and transverse growth lines. The sinistral shells have oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Birkenhead, Merseyside, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Camaena cicatricosa, 21-160Camaena cicatricosa, 21-160Two lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are tan in color with four whorls. Growth lines and striations cover the shells. The outer lip of the shells are thicker and reflected on the body whorl. The shells are sinistral with large, oval apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810China
Thumbnail of Merdigera obscura, 21-030Merdigera obscura, 21-030Eight turbinate, freshwater snail shells. Coloration is light brown. Each shell has six whorls and little to no ornamentation. The shells are relatively smooth, semi-transparent, and dextral with oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Pyganodon grandis, 21-352Pyganodon grandis, 21-352Four valves comprising two complete freshwater mussel specimens. The valves are brown to green in color, with an iridescent, silver to white color inside. The valves have silver interior nacre and a thick periostracum. The periostracum is beginning to wear off of the shells. The valves are elongated and are covered with growth lines and striations. The valves have shallow muscle scars and very small hinge teeth. The shells are elliptical in shape and have pointed posterior edges and rounded anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Mississippi, United States
Thumbnail of Mactromeris polynyma, 21-447Mactromeris polynyma, 21-447Six saltwater clam valves, three complete clams. The exteriors are light brown to tan in color with a thin periostracum that is flaking due to wear. The interiors are a slightly iridescent, white color with a small amount of silver interior nacre. The ellipse shaped shells are elongated and are covered with growth lines and striations. The shells have very shallow muscle scars, small hinge teeth, pointed anterior edges and rounded posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810New England
Thumbnail of Liguus fasciatus, 21-171Liguus fasciatus, 21-171Five turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are white in color with a glossy exterior. The shells have thin color bands that range from green to light brown closer to the apices. The shells have seven whorls, growth lines, and striations. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Florida
Thumbnail of Tricolia pullus, 21-571Tricolia pullus, 21-571Two turbinate marine snail shells. The exteriors are a cream and covered with red dots (which make them appear red). The interiors are white. The shells have four whorls, transverse growth lines and deep, well-defined sutures.The dextral shells have oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810East Indies;Mediterranean Sea
Thumbnail of Vermicularia pellucida, 21-106Vermicularia pellucida, 21-106Five spiraled marine, snail shells. The color of the shells vary from off-white to tan and light brown. Each shell has a unique, irregular, spiraled growth pattern. The shells are dextral with small, almost circular, apetures. Growth lines and light striations mark the shells.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Phasianella sp., 21-293Phasianella sp., 21-293Two large opercula. The opercula are a creamy off-white and tan in color. On the dorsal side there are growth lines and a small raised whorl. The ventral side is lighter in color with a more glossy sheen to it. There are no growth lines visible.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Obovaria unicolor, 21-473Obovaria unicolor, 21-473Two freshwater mussel valves comprising one complete specimen. The exteriors are dark brown to grey and white due to flaking all over the exteriors. There are visible growth lines where there is no flaking. The interiors are creamy white and 21-473.2 has a historic notation written on the ventral margin. Both valves have deep hinges, visible muscle scars, and wide ventral margins.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Hume, Alexander, 1795-1848;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Hume, Alexander, 1795-1848;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Walker, Bryant, 1856-19361810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Turbo castanea, 21-288Turbo castanea, 21-288Two marine snail shells. The shells are ovate to conic in shape with three to four whorls. The coloring consists of orange, brown and off-white. Both shells have growth lines and small nodules that run in the same direction. The shells are dextral with nearly circular apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Florida;West Indies
Thumbnail of Potamilus alatus, 21-404Potamilus alatus, 21-404Six valves comprising three complete freshwater mussels. The shells are dark brown to black in color with growth lines covering the exteriors of the shells. Shallow muscle scars are visible on the interiors of the shells, which are iridescent and light pink in color. The periostracum on the shells is flaking off, especially around their umbos. The triangle shaped shells have rounded anterior edges and rounded posterior edges. The shells have large winged shaped shelves near their umbos.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Blanding, William, 1773-1857;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Blanding, William, 1773-1857;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Mississippi Drainage
Thumbnail of Thiara amarula, 21-529Thiara amarula, 21-529Two turbinate, freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are brown to dark brown and dull in appearance. Internally, the shells are cream slightly iridescent. The shells have four whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and are covered with transverse growth lines and slightly reflective spines. The dextral shells have oval-shaped apertures, slightly reflected white lips, and depressed apices.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Madagascar
Thumbnail of Helix auricoma, 21-134Helix auricoma, 21-134Seven lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are tan in color where the periostracum remains. The areas where the periostracum has flaked off are lighter in coloration. There are approximately four whorls on each shell. The ornamentation consists of growth lines and deep striations on each whorl which appear much darker as the periostracum remains in the grooves. The shells are dextral, with ""D"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Ravenel, Edmund, 1797-18711863Cuba
Thumbnail of Ellipsaria lineaolata, 21-345Ellipsaria lineaolata, 21-345Six rounded triangular shaped freshwater mussel valves comprise three complete specimen. The exterior of the valves are an olive-brown color with dots of black. The exterior also exhibits growth lines and striations which radiate from the hinge. The interiors of the shells are white with a faint glossy iridescent hue.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Neritina virginea, 21-374ANeritina virginea, 21-374ATwo lenticular saltwater marine snail shells. The shells have color bands that are black and dark purple, the purple is more toward the apices. There are white spots running from the body whorls to the apices. There are four whorls with shallow sutures. The apertural side is white. The aperture is dextral and "D" shaped.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Brazil
Thumbnail of Liguus fasciatus, 21-172Liguus fasciatus, 21-172Fourteen turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are off white in color with very detailed ornamentations. Thin green color bands wrap around the shells and fade approaching the apices. Darker chestnut-colored bands accompany the sutures to the apices on the shells. Gray-purple stripes run vertically down the shells and perpendicular to the color bands. Dashes of light purple are found across the shells. The shells are dextral with seven whorls and oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cuba
Thumbnail of Elliptio congaraea, 21-450Elliptio congaraea, 21-450Five freshwater mussels, two complete and one partial speicmens. The exteriors of the shells are brown to light brown in color. The interiors of the shells are slightly iridescent, silver to white color. The shells have a small amount of silver interior nacre and a thin periostracum. The periostracum on the umbos of the shells is flaking off due to wear. The ellipse shaped shells are elongated and are covered with growth lines and striations. The valves have moderately sized muscle scars, small hinge teeth, rounded anterior edges and pointed posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Anderson, Anderson County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) vincentinus, 21-002Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) vincentinus, 21-002Three turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. One shell is faded, one shell is white, and one has well-preserved coloration each has six whorls. The two shells with coloration: each whorl has two brown color bands with equal thickness on a white shell. The third shell is white with no coloration. All three shells are dextral, with a ""D"" shaped aperture. A small, circular, paperboard box with a lid that is painted red on the sides.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Lithasia armigera, 21-564Lithasia armigera, 21-564One turbinate freshwater snail shell. The exterior is varying shades of brown. The periostracum on the shell's apex and nodules is worn leaving areas of white. The interior is cream. The shell has five whorls, shallow, well-defined sutures, transverse growth lines, and is covered with large nodules. The shell appears to have large plates that form its construction, hence the common name "Armored rocksnail." The dextral shell has an oval-shaped aperture with lips that are slightly reflected onto the base of the shell.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Lyonsia hyalina, 21-328Lyonsia hyalina, 21-328Six marine valves. The shells are an off-white color with darker spots near the edges of the shells and appear to be almost translucent near the hinges. The valves are covered in grooves that thicken as that radiate toward the edges of the shells. The beak of the shells is off centered and are surrounded by a faint iridescent color.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Melampus coffea, 21-534Melampus coffea, 21-534Two turbinate terrestrial snail shells. The exteriors are beige and are slightly reflective. The shells have six whorls, shallow sutures, and are covered in transverse growth lines. The dextral shells have slit-shaped apertures. Small teeth are visible inside the shells' apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Key West, Monroe County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Macroceramus pontificus, 21-138Macroceramus pontificus, 21-138Two turriform, terrestrial snail shells. The coloration is white with gray hues. There are approximately seven whorls. The shell has a rounded apex and deep growth lines on each whorl. The sutures are darker in color than the rest of the shell. The shells are dextral with oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Key West, Monroe County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio arctata, 21-471Elliptio arctata, 21-471Twenty-one freshwater mussel valves comprising ten complete and one incomplete specimens. Specimen 21-471-18 is in three pieces. The exteriors are grey and brown with visible growth lines. Some of the specimens have white at the umbos due to flaking. The interiors of the valves are iridescent white and tan. The hinges are shallow and there are slightly visible muscle scars and wide ventral margins.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Abbeville, Abbeville County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Cittarium pica, 21-420Cittarium pica, 21-420Three lenticular, saltwater snail shells. A zigzag pattern appears both on the dorsal and ventral sides of the shells. The pattern appears to be faded to varying shades of gray dorsally, but remains black ventrally. There is a distinct lack of pattern nearing the aperture on the ventral side of the shell where the coloration is white to tan. The shells are dextral and have open umbilici. The apertures are circular in shape with simple lips.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Planorbarius corneus, 21-548Planorbarius corneus, 21-548Two involute freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are brown, slightly reflective, and covered with transverse growth lines. Internally, the shells are cream. The shells have three to four coiled whorls, deep sutures and the basal side is deeply depressed. The sinistral shells have semicircle shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Europe
Thumbnail of Bolma rugosa, 21-291Bolma rugosa, 21-291One lenticular, marine snail shell. The shell has four whorls and the coloration consists of an iridescent cream color with a pink and green sheen. Dorsal ornamentation consists of raised striae along the outer edge of the whorls with a line of nodules just above the striae. The apertural side has raised striae that wrap around a completely closed umbilicus and is slightly at a raised angle toward the aperture. The shell is dextral with a circular shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cape of Good Hope, Western Cape, South Africa
Thumbnail of Cornu apertus, 21-150Cornu apertus, 21-150Three globose, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are light brown in color and have three whorls each. The body whorls are significantly larger than the others. The shells are smooth overall, with growth lines on each whorl and lighter bases. The shells are dextral with wide, oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sicily, Sicily, Italy
Thumbnail of Helicigona lapicida, 21-156Helicigona lapicida, 21-156Two lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells have four whorls and are off-white to tan in color with dark vertical color bands that stretch from the apex to umbilicus. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures. The inner lip is slightly reflected on the base on the shells.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Europe
Thumbnail of Clausilia laminata, 21-023Clausilia laminata, 21-023Thirteen turriform, elongate, terrestrial snail shells. The coloration is light gray to a dirty white. High spired, the shells have eleven whorls each. There is no noteworthy ornamentation on the shells. The shells are sinistral with "oval" shaped apertures. There are multiple denticles within the aperture of the shell, and a weak palatal callus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Polymita muscarum, 21-187Polymita muscarum, 21-187Five lenticular, terrestrial shells. The shells have three whorls and a glossy appearance. Coloration consists of an off-white color with dark brown and tan color bands. Dark brown spots give some of the shells ornamentation. A spot of pink appears inside the aperture on the base. The shells are dextral with oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cuba
Thumbnail of Crepidula plana, 21-354BCrepidula plana, 21-354BOne marine snail shell. The shell is ivory to tan in color, with a slightly iridescent, ivory color inside. Externally, the shell has patches of brown color. The shell is oval in shape, flat, and slightly concave, with a pointed apex. The shell has an interior shelf-like deck that is slightly convex. This deck covers about half of the aperture. Externally, the shell is covered with growth lines and striations.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Solariella obscura, 21-553Solariella obscura, 21-553One turbinate marine snail shell. The exterior is tan and slightly reflective. Internally, the shell is cream. The shell has three whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and raised spiral lines. The dextral shell has a rounded aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Cyclonaias tuberculata ,21-434Cyclonaias tuberculata ,21-434Six freshwater mussel valves, three complete specimens. The exteriors are dark brown to brown in color with deep growth lines, striations and large nodules. The interiors have an iridescent, silver to pink color. The shells have silver interior nacre and a thick periostracum. The periostracum is flaking on the shells' umbos and nodules due to wear. The shells have deep muscle scars and large hinge teeth. The shells are oval shaped with squared posterior edges and rounded anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio River, Ohio, United States;Wabash River, United States;Michigan, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio lanceolata, 21-460Elliptio lanceolata, 21-460Six freshwater mussel valves, three complete specimens. The exteriors are dark brown fading to white near the umbos due to wear. Subtle growth lines also appear on the exterior. The interiors are iridescent and white with visible muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Melampus bidentatus, 21-531Melampus bidentatus, 21-531Ten turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are brown to tan in color. The shells are slightly reflective. The shells have four whorls, shallow sutures, and are covered with transverse growth lines. The dextral shells have slit shaped apertures. Small teeth are visible inside the shells' apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Mercenaria mercenaria, 21-413Mercenaria mercenaria, 21-413Two valves forming one complete saltwater clam. The valves are thick, sub-ovate or triangular shells are dark gray to a reddish-tan in color on the exteriors. Growth lines are also visible on the exteriors. The interiors of the shells are an iridescent white with matching purple to violet on one margin of each valve. The ventral margin is wide and there are visible muscle scars. Three cardinal teeth are present in each valve.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Crepidula convexa, 21-294Crepidula convexa, 21-294One marine snail shell. The shell is dark brown in color with small white spots on the dorsal side. The septum is small and only takes up about one fourth of the shells aperture. The shell itself is ""teardrop"" shaped and the aperture is ""oval"" like.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Cistula catenata, 21-132Cistula catenata, 21-132One trochoid, terrestrial snail shell. The shell has four whorls and is off-white in color. The ornamentation includes dark brown dashed lines surrounding the whorls. The whorls are separated by deep sutures. The shell is dextral, with a circular aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cuba
Thumbnail of Mercenaria campechiensis, 21-477Mercenaria campechiensis, 21-477Two valves comprising one complete saltwater clam. The shells are opaque beige and gray in color. The valves are triangular shaped and have a thick periostracum with visible striae. The interiors of the valves are beige with visible worm castings taking up large portions of the interiors. The valves have deep hinges, prominent hinge teeth but a shallow ventral margin.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Turbonilla interrupta, 21-048Turbonilla interrupta, 21-048Twelve turbinate, marine, fossil snail shells. The shells are white and tan in color. The shells appear to have between six to ten whorls. There are subtle sutures separating each whorl. Each whorl exhibits vertical, slightly raised costae that travel around the outside of each whorl. The shells are dextral, with ""teardrop"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Wando River, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Physella heterostropha, 21-563Physella heterostropha, 21-563Eleven turbinate freshwater snail shells. The shells are beige on the exteriors and interiors. The exteriors are also reflective. The shells have four whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and transverse growth lines. The sinistral shells have oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sulphur Springs, Tampa, Hillsborough County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio dariensis, 21-436Elliptio dariensis, 21-436Six articulated freshwater clam valves (three complete specimens). The exteriors are dark brown in color with visible growth lines and areas of iridescent white at the umbo and chipped areas. The interiors are an iridescent white with visible muscle scars and ventral margins.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Helix discolor, 21-155Helix discolor, 21-155One lenticular, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is tan in color with three whorls and growth lines around each whorl. The shell is dextral with an oval-shaped aperture. The outer lip of the aperture is thicker and reflected back on the body whorl.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National de Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Martinique
Thumbnail of Crepidula fornicata, 21-370Crepidula fornicata, 21-370One saltwater marine slipper limpet. The shell is light tan in color. The dorsal side has incised sporadic wrinkles with small holes. The ventral portion is the same colo but has no shell decorations. The aperture is ""D"" shaped. On the ventral portion in brown colored ink is ""Crepidula fornicata.""Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Atlantic Coast
Thumbnail of Tricolia pullus, 21-570-1Tricolia pullus, 21-570-1Tricolia pullus, 21-570. Apertural and dorsal views with scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810England
Thumbnail of Tricolia pullus, 21-570-2Tricolia pullus, 21-570-2Tricolia pullus, 21-570. Apertural and dorsal views of specimens.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810England
Thumbnail of Tricolia pullus, 21-570Tricolia pullus, 21-570Five turbinate marine snail shells. The exteriors are beighe and slightly reflective with red-brown color bands. The interiors are cream in color. The shells are covered with striae and transverse growth lines and have deep, well-defined sutures. The dextral shells have oval shaped apertures.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810England
Thumbnail of Epitonium novangliae, 21-034Epitonium novangliae, 21-034One turbinate, marine snail shell. Coloration is light brown and white with an orangeish hue. The shell has five whorls with five costae across each whorl. The costae are lighter in color than the shell. There are deep sutures between each whorl. The shell is dextral with a circular aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Ecrobia truncata, 21-550Ecrobia truncata, 21-550Seven extremely minute, turbinate, aquatic snail shells. The exteriors are brown and slightly reflective. The dextral shells have three whorls and tear-drop shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cape Cod, Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Onustus indicus, 21-297Onustus indicus, 21-297One patellate, marine snail shell. The shell is light tan and off-white in color with roughly seven whorls. The sutures are extremely shallow. The dorsal side has mellations that follow the whorls. The apertural side has a semi-circular aperture and an open umbilicus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810China
Thumbnail of Potomida littoralis, 21-385Potomida littoralis, 21-385Four freshwater valves comprising two complete mussel specimens. The shells' exteriors are dark brown in color, reaching white near the hinges. Valves 21-385.1 and 21-385.2 also reach a white color near the edges of the shells. The valves are covered in radiating horizontal growth lines and thin striations. The interior of the shells is a slightly glossy white color.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810France, Seine River
Thumbnail of Phasianella solida, 21-111Phasianella solida, 21-111One turbinate, marine snail shell. The shell is white to tan in color and with five whorls. The shell has growth bands on each whorl and deeps sutures in between the whorls. The shell is dextral with a teardrop-shaped aperture. Contributed by Professor Foreman.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Africa
Thumbnail of Elimia catenaria, 21-527Elimia catenaria, 21-527Fifteen turbinate, freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are brown to tan with a dull appearance. Internally, the shells are cream and are slightly iridescent. The periostracum has flaked off of the apices of the shells. The shells have eight whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and are covered in nodules and spiral raised lines. The dextral shells have oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Florida, United States;Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Astralium sp., 21-298Astralium sp., 21-298Five opercula. Each operculum has one side that is light tan and glossy with a spiral coloration which gives the appears of a whorl. The alternate side is a dark copper brown and is flat with visible striations.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Zonitoides nitida, 21-186-1Zonitoides nitida, 21-186-1Zonitoides nitida, 21-186. Apical and basal views with scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Zonitoides nitida, 21-186-2Zonitoides nitida, 21-186-2Zonitoides nitida, 21-186. Apical and basal views of specimen.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Zonitoides nitida, 21-186-3Zonitoides nitida, 21-186-3Zonitoides nitida, 21-186. Shells stored in vial with scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Zonitoides nitida, 21-186-4Zonitoides nitida, 21-186-4Zonitoides nitida, 21-186. Shells stored in vial.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Zonitoides nitida, 21-186Zonitoides nitida, 21-186Six lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are tan in color with darker coloring near the apices. There are four whorls each covered in radial growth lines and the apices are nearly flat. The shells are dextral with oval-shaped apertures and completely open umbilici.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Lampsilis ovata, 21-438Lampsilis ovata, 21-438Two freshwater mussel valves (not from the same specimen). The exteriors are dark brown, brown, to tan in color. The shells have silver interior nacre and a thick periostracum that is flaking from wear near the umbos. The elongated, triangularly shells are covered with growth lines and striations. The shells have moderately sized muscle scars, large hinge teeth and rounded anterior and posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Steromphala cineraria, 21-559Steromphala cineraria, 21-559Five trochoid marine snail shells. The exteriors are grayish brown and the interiors are an iridescent white. The shells have four whorls, shallow sutures, and are covered with tan ribs. The dextral shells have rounded apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Lampsilis fasciola, 21-344Lampsilis fasciola, 21-344Five oval shaped marine valves, comprising of two complete specimens. The exteriors are pale green color with dark green striations radiating from the hinge. The interiors are white with a slightly blue iridescent shine.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio River, Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Orthalicus zebra, 21-012Orthalicus zebra, 21-012Three turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The coloration ranges from dark brown, tan, and white with stripes on all shells. There are color bands of dark brown and light brown running across each whorl. There are vertical striations running across the whorls of all three shells. There are five whorls on shells 21-012.2 and 21-012.3. On the significantly smaller shell 21-012.1, there are only four whorls. The shells are dextral with ""D"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-18491810Key West, Monroe County, Florida, United States;Cuba
Thumbnail of Novisuccinea ovalis, 21-449Novisuccinea ovalis, 21-449One turbinate, terrestrial snail shell. The exterior of the shell is beige and the interior of the shell is white both give a glossy appearance. Patches of dirt cover the exterior of the shell. The shell has four whorls with deep, well-defined sutures and is covered with transverse growth lines. The shell is dextral and very thin with a tear drop shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Goose Creek, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Architectonica perspectiva, 21-114Architectonica perspectiva, 21-114Four lenticular, marine snail shells. The shells are tan in color with thin brown and white color bands. Brown radiating dashes and growth lines cover the shell, with the same dash pattern on the base and inside of the umbilicus. The shells have approximatley five whorls that reach a flattened apex. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures. The umbilici is completely open and there appears to be denticles that wind up the umbilici.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Muséum National d'Historie Naturelle;Phillips, John H., 1800-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-18741810Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, China Seas;East Indies
Thumbnail of Elliptio icterina, 21-451Elliptio icterina, 21-451Two freshwater mussel valves, one complete specimen. The exteriors are dark to light brown with subtle growth lines, and areas near the umbos where the shell appears white due to flaking of the periostrocum. Muscle scars are visible on the iridescent interiors of the valves.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-18871810Georgia
Thumbnail of Villosa vibex, 21-389Villosa vibex, 21-389Five valves in total with four comprising two complete freshwater mussel specimens. The valves are light brown in color and have markings of darker and lighter brown on the exterior of the shells. Growth lines and horizontal striations cover the shell, there are also dashes of green that run horizontal from the hinge. The shells reach a white pearlescent color near the hinge. The interior of the shells are an off-white color with a slightly iridescent hue.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Santee Canal, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Leptodea ochracea, 21-279Leptodea ochracea, 21-279Two valves forming a complete freshwater bivalve. The shells are dark tan in color with sporadic dark brown color bands that run the same direction as the striae. There appear to be very faint, fine dark brown color lines radiating from the umbos on both valves. The interiors are a dull iridescent white with a pink and green sheen (mother of pearl).Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Elimia laeta, 21-542Elimia laeta, 21-542One turbinate freshwater snail shell. The exterior is brown and slightly reflective. Internally, the shell is cream in color. The shell has five whorls, shallow sutures, and is covered with spiral-raised lines. The periostracum has flaked off at the apex. The dextral shell has an oval shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Alabama, United States
Thumbnail of Cernuella virgata, 21-177Cernuella virgata, 21-177Four lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are off-white with darker brown color bands spiraling from the apices. The shells have growth lines, striations, and five whorls which surround semi-open umbilici. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures which cover a portion of the umbilici.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810France
Thumbnail of Tegula excavata, 21-551Tegula excavata, 21-551One trochoid marine snail shell. The exterior is gray and slightly reflective. The slightly raised color bands give the exterior a rippled effect. Internally, the shell is an iridescent white. The dextral shell has five whorls, an oval shaped aperture, and an open umbilicus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810United Kingdom, England
Thumbnail of Cochlodinella poeyana, 21-028Cochlodinella poeyana, 21-028Six turriform, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are tan in color and with ten whorls each. There are vertical striations across each whorl on each shell. The shells are dextral with circular apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Cuba
Thumbnail of Cerion chrysalis, 21-168Cerion chrysalis, 21-168Twenty-one terrestrial snail shells. Three shells in the lot are trochoid shaped while nineteen are turriform shaped. The shells are off-white and gray in color with nine whorls and raised ribs between each whorl. Some of the shells have darker spots scattered across the ornamentation. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures and thick flattened basal and outer lips.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cuba
Thumbnail of Clanculus pharaonius, 21-561Clanculus pharaonius, 21-561Two trochoid marine snail shells. The exteriors are a dull pink and covered with small black and white nodules. The interiors are white. The shells have six whorls and deep, well-defined sutures. The dextral shells have oval shaped apertures, thick apertural lips, and large teeth inside the apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-1874; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-18741810Red Sea
Thumbnail of Alvania beanii, 21-124Alvania beanii, 21-124Fifteen turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are gray in color with approximately five whorls. The shells have growth lines and deep sutures between whorls. The shells are dextral with oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Lamlash Bay, North Ayrshire, Scotland, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Margaritifera hembeli, 21-470Margaritifera hembeli, 21-470Two freshwater mussel valves comprising one complete specimen. The exteriors are dark brown with visible slightly pronounced growth lines. The interior of the valves is iridescent tan and white with a pink and green sheen. The hinges are shallow and there are small visible muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Louisiana, United States
Thumbnail of Phasianotrochus eximius, 21-292Phasianotrochus eximius, 21-292Two small turbinate, marine saltwater snail shells. The smallest specimen is brown in color and with the larger a grayish-brown. There are approximately five to six whorls per shell with very shallow sutures. The shells are dextral with ""D"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Australia
Thumbnail of Leaunio lienosus, 21-387-1Leaunio lienosus, 21-387-1Leaunio lienosus, 21-387. External views w/scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Leaunio lienosus, 21-387-2Leaunio lienosus, 21-387-2Leaunio lienosus, 21-387. External views of specimens.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Leaunio lienosus, 21-387-3Leaunio lienosus, 21-387-3Leaunio lienosus, 21-387. Internal views w/scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Leaunio lienosus, 21-387-4Leaunio lienosus, 21-387-4Leaunio lienosus, 21-387. Internal views of specimens.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Leaunio lienosus, 21-387Leaunio lienosus, 21-387Two freshwater valves comprising one complete mussel. The exteriors of the valves are a dark brown that reaches an off-white color near the hinge. Covering the exteriors of the valves are thin growth lines and radiating horizontal striations. The interior of the valves are a silver off-white color with an iridescent hue.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Smaragdia viridis, 21-538Smaragdia viridis, 21-538One small marine slipper snail shell. The rounded shell is smooth, beige in color with a slight glossy appearance. The shelf covers half of the basal side of the shell. The aperture is a "D" shape and fine teeth are present near the apertural lip.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Elliptio crassidens, 21-472Elliptio crassidens, 21-472Four freshwater mussel valves comprising two complete specimens. The exteriors are dark brown toward the umbos and turn to a lighter brown toward the outer edge. There are visible growth lines and white at the umbos due to wear. The interior of the valves are a matte cream white with deep hinges and distinct muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Melampus bidentatus, 21-532Melampus bidentatus, 21-532Three turbinate terrestrial snail shells. The exteriors are beige with brown color bands and are slightly reflective. The shells have six whorls, shallow sutures, and are covered with transverse growth lines. The dextral shells slit-shaped apertures. Large teeth are visible inside the shells' apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Truncatella subcylindrica, 21-107Truncatella subcylindrica, 21-107Eighteen turbinate, terrestrial adult snail shells. The shells are whitish to gray in color. Each of the shells has three to four whorls. The shells have deep sutures between whorls and growth lines. The shells are dextral, with oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Elliptio folliculata, 401AElliptio folliculata, 401ASixteen valves comprising six complete freshwater mussels and four additional valves. The shells are light to dark brown and black in color. Subtle growth lines appear along the exterior of the shells. The periostracum is flaking off, especially around the umbos. Shallow muscle scars are visible on the interior of the shells which are iridescent with areas of light brown. The ellipse shaped shells have very small hinge teeth. The shells have rounded anterior edges and pointed posterior edges. The shells are covered with a brown dirt that gives them a rusty appearance.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Abbeville, Abbeville County, South Carolina
Thumbnail of Zebrina detrita, 21-010Zebrina detrita, 21-010Six turbinate, terrestrial snail shells white with a light-brown hue. Shell 21-010.2 is darker. Each specimen has six whorls. Vertical striations appear on each whorl. The shells are dextral with ""teardrop"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Mrs. Paris;Muséum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Mrs. Paris1810France
Thumbnail of Fusconaia subrotunda, 21-346Fusconaia subrotunda, 21-346Two oval-shaped freshwater mussel valves which comprise one complete specimen. The exterior of the valves are brown to dark brown with black markings and are covered in deep growth lines that radiate from the hinge of the shell. The interior of the shells are white in color with a faint glossy iridescent hue.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Cerion rubicundum, 21-167Cerion rubicundum, 21-167One turriform, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is off-white to gray near the apex and body whorl but transitions a pale orange color near the apex. The shell has nine whorls with vertical ribs on each whorl. The shell is dextral with a semi-circular aperture that has a slightly reflected outer lip.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Pseudosuccinea columella, 21-489Pseudosuccinea columella, 21-489Four turbinate freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are tan in color, covered with transverse growth lines, and are slightly reflective. The interiors are tan to gray in color and reflective. The fragile shells are very thin and brittle with three whorls, and well-defined sutures. The shells are dextral with tear-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Rhode Island, United States
Thumbnail of Urosalpinx cinerea, 21-354LUrosalpinx cinerea, 21-354LTwo turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are tan to ivory in color on the exterior with an ivory interior. The shells are covered with growth lines, striations, and ribs. The shell has varices that are light brown in color. Both of the shells have seven convex whorls with deep, well-defined sutures. The shells have oval shaped apertures terminating in a siphonal canal. The shells are dextral with thin lips. The outer lip is fluted. The shells also have pointed apices.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Phasianella australis, 21-565Phasianella australis, 21-565One turbinate marine snail shell. The exterior is tan with red and brown color streaks and dark red color bands. The interior is cream in color. The shell is smooth with a slightly dull appearance. The shell has five whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and is covered with transverse growth lines. The dextral shell has an oval-shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Australia
Thumbnail of Lampisilis dolabraeformis, 21-276Lampisilis dolabraeformis, 21-276Two valves forming a complete freshwater bivalve. The valves are a dark brown, reddish brown, to tan in color. The umbos are white due to wear. There are visible growth lines on both valves. The interiors of the valves are an iridescent white, pink, and green (mother of pearl).Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Couper, James Hamilton, 1794-1866;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Couper, James Hamilton, 1794-1866;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Altamaha River, Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Lithasia geniculata, 21-543Lithasia geniculata, 21-543Two turbinate, freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are dark tan and dark brown in color. Internally, the shells are white. The shells have three whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and are covered with transverse growth lines and nodules. The dextral shells have tear-drop shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Alabama, United States
Thumbnail of Pleurobema descisum, 21-300Pleurobema descisum, 21-300Eight auriform, freshwater valves, four complete bivalves. The shells are various shades of brown, ranging from dark brown to a dark tan. All of the specimens have a white umbo due to flaking and wear. The inner part of the shell is an iridescent white with a pink and green sheen. Muscle scars and the ventral margin is noticeable.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Alabama
Thumbnail of Physella virginea, 21-485Physella virginea, 21-485Four turbinate, freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are tan to gray in color and covered with transverse growth lines. The shells are sinistral, have four to five whorls, well-defined sutures and tear-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tulare Lake, Kings County, California, United States
Thumbnail of Janthina janthina, 21-121-1Janthina janthina, 21-121-1Twelve Janthina janthina, 21-121. Apertural and dorsal views with scale bar. Contributed by Professor Harvey.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-18491810Key West, Monroe County, Florida
Thumbnail of Janthina janthina, 21-121-2Janthina janthina, 21-121-2Twelve Janthina janthina, 21-121. Apertural and dorsal views. Contributed by Professor Harvey.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-18491810Key West, Monroe County, Florida
Thumbnail of Janthina janthina, 21-121Janthina janthina, 21-121Twenty-one lenticular in total (12 pictured), marine snail shells. The shells are lavender purple and white. The shells have approximately two to three whorls each. Coloration is mostly white on top, but purple underneath. The shells have growth lines and vertical striations. The apertures are mostly ""D"" shaped, but some have intricate curves inside the aperture. Contributed by Professor Harvey.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-18491810Key West, Monroe County, Florida
Thumbnail of Fasciolaria tulipa, 21-411Fasciolaria tulipa, 21-411Two turbinate, saltwater marine snail shells. The shells have seven whorls with deep sutures. The smaller shell is peach and white (21.411.1) and the larger shell (21.411.2) has tan and white. The color pattern on both shells is the same with the alternating bands of color and white running vertically from the apices to the apertures. The apertures are dextral with an elongated siphonal canal.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Helicina orbiculata, 21-027Helicina orbiculata, 21-027Two trochoid, terrestrial snail shells. The intact shell is white to off-white with five whorls. There is little ornamentation and all whorls are all relatively smooth. The shell is dextral with a "D" shaped aperture. The second shell is in numerous fragments and extremely fragile.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Cyclonaias pustulosa, 21-456Cyclonaias pustulosa, 21-456Two freshwater mussel valves, one complete specimen. The exteriors are dark brown with obvious growth lines and protruding nodules. The periostracum is flaking near the umbos. The interiors are iridescent. The nearly circlular valves have deep and obvious hinge teeth.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Pharus legumen, 21-336Pharus legumen, 21-336One complete marine bivalve, though heavily damaged. The shells are an elongated bean shape. The shells are off-white in color with spots of darker brown, periostracum, near the edges. There are faint radiating striations that follow the curvature of the shell that cover the exterior. The interior of the shell is also an off-white color. The posterior and anterior margins of the shells are smooth and rounded.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Phillips, John H., 1800-1874, Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810England
Thumbnail of Zonites algirus, 21-169Zonites algirus, 21-169One lenticular, terrestrial snail shell. The shell is a tan color darkening to a light brown near the apex. The shell has five whorls with growth lines and vertical striations. The shell is dextral with an oval shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942,Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810France
Thumbnail of Pleurobema rubrum, 21-362Pleurobema rubrum, 21-362Two marine freshwater valves that complete one whole bivalve. The shells are dark brown and white at the umbo and gradually turn to a lighter brown toward the edge on the dorsal side. The ventral portion is a pearlescent white with a pink and green sheen. There are muscle scars present and a wide/ thick ventral margin.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee
Thumbnail of Gibbula magus, 21-555Gibbula magus, 21-555Four trochoid marine snail shells. The exteriors are dull and range in color from white and beige to varying shades of brown. (21-555.1 has rust color bands.) Internally, the shells an iridescent white. The shells have six whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and are covered with nodules and spiral raised lines. The periostracum has flaked off of some areas of the shells, revealing a slightly reflective and slightly iridescent material. The dextral shells have oval shaped apertures and open umbilici.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Palermo, Sicily, Italy
Thumbnail of Orthalicus pulchellus, 21-020Orthalicus pulchellus, 21-020Five turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The shells range from tan to dark brown with dark brown color bands and vertical irregular lines. The shells are dextral with ""teardrop"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Paraguay
Thumbnail of Abra alba, 21-330Abra alba, 21-330Five oval shaped marine valves, (includes one complete bivalve). The shells are off-white in color with a pale brown periostracum. The posterior and anterior margins are smooth and rounded. The interiors of the shells are white with a glossy appearance. The shells are marked with faint horizontal growth lines.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-1874; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Phillips, John H., 1800-18741810Europe
Thumbnail of Ophicardelus ornatus, 21-541Ophicardelus ornatus, 21-541Two turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The exteriors are slightly reflective and brown. The shells have six whorls, shallow sutures, and are covered with transverse growth lines. The dextral shells have tear-drop shaped apertures in which small teeth are visible.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Australia
Thumbnail of Anadara lienosa, 21-283Anadara lienosa, 21-283One fossil marine valve. The dorsal of the valve is pale gray, white, and light tan in color. The ventral is a reddish tan with prominent muscle scars and very fine striae at the ventral margin. The entire valve is covered in small holes and raised striae radiate from the hinge to the outer lip. Growth lines are more visible near the outer lip.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Lioplax subcarinata, 21-481Lioplax subcarinata, 21-481One turbinate freshwater snail shell. The exterior is tan in color with faint brown color streaks, four whorls and deep, well-defined sutures. The shell is dextral with transverse growth lines and a circular aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Oxychilus draparnaudi, 21-146Oxychilus draparnaudi, 21-146Two lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are off-white and yellowish in color. They appear to be slightly transparent. Each of the shells have five whorls with growth lines. The umbilicus of both shells are open. The shells are dextral with oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810France
Thumbnail of Hippopus hippopus, 21-418Hippopus hippopus, 21-418Two medium sized valves that form one complete saltwater clam. The shells are white and thick with what appear to be sproradic, purple-pink dashed lines. Growth lines appear from the hinge to the outer edge on the dorsal side. There are spines that become more prominent toward the center of the shell. The interiors of each valve are white with jagged edges. There are also two small drilled holes at the hinge.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810East Indies
Thumbnail of Lunella torquata, 21-539Lunella torquata, 21-539An operculum of a marine snail shell. The glossy exterior has spiral, swirl patterns in tans and browns. The matte interior is beige and is marked with two large spiral raised ribs with nodules. The spaces surrounding the ribs and nodules are covered in sediment.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Triodopsis tridentata, 21-182Triodopsis tridentata, 21-182Seven lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells range in color from off-white to differing shades of tan and light brown. The shells have very thin, shallow growth lines and striations on five whorls. The shells have a depressed heliciform shape with flattened apices. The shells are dextral with a rounded triangular-shaped apertures and three denticles present within.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Thumbnail of Calliostoma granulatum, 21-554Calliostoma granulatum, 21-554Two trochoid marine snail shells. The exteriors are beige and slightly reflective. The larger shell has a tan color pattern that is especially noticeable from the basal view. The smaller shell has four whorls; the larger shell has six whorls. The shells have shallow sutures and are covered with spiral raised lines. The dextral shells have oval shaped apertures and very sharp apices.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810United Kingdom, England
Thumbnail of Crepidula fornicata, 21-041Crepidula fornicata, 21-041six ovate, marine snail shells. The shells are arched with a white septum (ledge) underneath (supports the internal organs) which extends approximately half the length of the aperture. The shells are light pink, but shell 21-041.4 is black with white horizontal streaks. The shells have one whorl and horizontal striations running across each shell. The shells have color bands and the shells are slightly textured. The shells are slightly curved dextrally with a ""D"" shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Tectonatica pusilla, 21-354OTectonatica pusilla, 21-354OTwo turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are tan to ivory in color, with an ivory color inside. The shells have a glossy appearance. The shells have three whorls and shallow sutures. The shells have oval shaped apertures and thin lips that are reflected onto their bases. The shells are dextral and have blunt apices.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Sullivan's Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Chondropoma pictum, 21-480Chondropoma pictum, 21-480Two turbinate terrestrial snail shells. The exteriors are tan and light brown in color with brown color bands near the sutures. The shells are covered with transverse growth lines, have very small ribs, four whorls and deep, well-defined sutures. The shells are dextral with semi-circular shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cuba
Thumbnail of Valvata tricarinata, 21-567BValvata tricarinata, 21-567BFive lenticular freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are beige with a dull appearance. The shells have three whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and transverse growth lines. The dextral shells have rounded apertures and open umbilici.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Troy, Rensselaer County, New York, United States
Thumbnail of Leptoxis carinata, 21-004Leptoxis carinata, 21-004Five turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are off-white to light-gray, some having darker color bands. Each shell has five whorls that are separated by carina. The shells are dextral, with "D" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Christian Creek, Augusta County, Virginia, United States
Thumbnail of Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181-1Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181-1Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181. Shells in pill box with scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Jamaica
Thumbnail of Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181-2Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181-2Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181. Shells in pill box.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Jamaica
Thumbnail of Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181-3Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181-3Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181. Dorsal and apertural views with scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Jamaica
Thumbnail of Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181-4Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181-4Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181. Dorsal and apertural views of specimen.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Jamaica
Thumbnail of Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181Eutrochatella pulchella, 21-181Two trochoid, terrestrial snail shells. The coloration of the shells ranges from off-white to gray with darker spots of gray adding minor ornamentation. The shells have six whorls with small nodules covering the body whorls. Striations cover the entire exterior of the shells with some areas having a slightly thicker peristome. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Jamaica
Thumbnail of Metanachis jaspidea, 21-147Metanachis jaspidea, 21-147Four turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are white in color. Each shell has approximately four whorls. The ornamentation is faded, but the shells have vertical striations and growth bands on each whorl. The shells are dextral with teardrop-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Amblema plicata, 21-282Amblema plicata, 21-282One freshwater valve. The shell is dark brown/black in color with a white umbo. The nacre on the ventral side is an iridescent white, pink, and green (mother of pearl) with a noticeable change at the ventral margin, where it gets slightly more of a tan color.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Alabama, United States
Thumbnail of Margaritifera margaritifera, 21-400Margaritifera margaritifera, 21-400Six valves comprising three complete freshwater mussel specimens. The shape of the valves is an elongated ellipse. The exterior of the valves are black in color but vary in shades near the edges of the valves and near the hinges. On the hinges of the valves the color changes from black to a spotted white color. Along the exterior of the valves there are thin growth lines and striations. The interior of the valves are off-white in color with shades of purple marking them.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Mokelumne River, California, United States
Thumbnail of Helminthoglypta tudiculata, 21-505Helminthoglypta tudiculata, 21-505One lenticular shell of a land snail. The shell is a tannish/orange in color and is simple. The shell has five whorls with deep sutures and is covered in transverse growth lines. The shell is dextral and has an oval shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421856San Joaquin Valley, California, United States
Thumbnail of Steromphala umbilicalis, 21-528Steromphala umbilicalis, 21-528One lenticular, marine snail shell. The exterior is gray to tan with reddish color bands and has a dull appearance. Internally, the shell is white and iridescent. The shell has four whorls with shallow sutures and is covered with transverse growth lines. The dextral shell has a rounded aperture and an open umbilicus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810England
Thumbnail of Cistula catenata, 21-482Cistula catenata, 21-482Two turbinate, terrestrial snail shells. The exteriors are cream in color with brown color bands, visible growth lines, and areas covered with a gray sediment. The dextral shells have five whorls, deep, well-defined sutures and circular apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Cuba
Thumbnail of Pleurocera clavaeformis, 21-557Pleurocera clavaeformis, 21-557Seventeen turbinate freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are varying shades of brown, with the darker hues near the apices and lighter hues near the apertures. The shells have a slightly reflective appearance and are covered with transverse growth lines. Internally the shells are brown. The shells have five whorls with deep sutures. The dextral shells have oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Turritella leucostoma, 21-093Turritella leucostoma, 21-093One turriform, marine snail shell. Coloration is white with irregular vertical lines in varying colors from pink to tan. The shell has approximately seventeen fairly flat whorls that are separated by sutures which become increasingly shallow toward the apex. There are growth lines on each whorl and vertical striations that crisscross the growth lines. The shell is dextral, with a circular aperture and sharp outer lip. (A small hole is present in the fifth whorl from the aperture.)Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Gulf of California
Thumbnail of Oxyloma elegans, 21-164Oxyloma elegans, 21-164Twelve obvate, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are thin, translucent, and pale-yellow color with three whorls. The shells are dextral with large oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Boonea impressa, 21-354MBoonea impressa, 21-354MOne turbinate, marine snail shell. The shell is tan to ivory in color, with a tan to ivory color inside. The shell is covered with growth lines and striations. The shell has five whorls and shallow sutures. The shell has a semicircular shaped aperture, and thin lips. The shell is dextral and has a pointed apex.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810White Point, Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Physella gyrina, 21-487Physella gyrina, 21-487Three turbinate freshwater snail shells. The shells are tan to gray in color with a glossy appearance. The shells are covered with transverse growth lines, have four whorls, and moderately defined sutures. The sinistral shells are sinistral have semicircular shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Brumby, Richard Trapier, 1804-1875;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Brumby, Richard Trapier, 1804-1875;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19381810Clear Creek, Morgan County, Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Valvata tricarinata, 21-567AValvata tricarinata, 21-567ATwo lenticular freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are a dull beige and dark gray near the apices. The shells have three whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and are covered with transverse growth lines. The dextral shells have rounded apertures and open umbilici.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Vermont, United States
Thumbnail of Testudinalia testudinalis, 21-102Testudinalia testudinalis, 21-102One marine snail shell. The shape is typically patellate with a low dome; however, this specimen has fragmented. The coloration is black and white resembling a tortoise shell pattern. There are fine growth bands (ridges) radiating from the apex.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810New England
Thumbnail of Epioblasma brevidens, 21-280Epioblasma brevidens, 21-280Three freshwater valves in total; the two smaller shells form a complete bivalve. The shells are auriform in shape and light tan in color. There are light-black thin incised dashed lines that radiate from the umbo and growth lines are visible.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Uperotus clava, 21-383-1Uperotus clava, 21-383-1Uperotus clava, 21-383 with scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Thumbnail of Uperotus clava, 21-383-2Uperotus clava, 21-383-2Uperotus clava, 21-383.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Thumbnail of Uperotus clava, 21-383-3Uperotus clava, 21-383-3Uperotus clava, 21-383 with scale bar.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Thumbnail of Uperotus clava, 21-383-4Uperotus clava, 21-383-4Uperotus clava, 21-383.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Thumbnail of Uperotus clava, 21-383Uperotus clava, 21-383One marine, rock and wood boring valve. The valve transitions from a narrow point on one end to a wider, rounded point on the opposite end. The exterior of the valve is tan in color with some spots of white and other slight discolorations.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Thumbnail of Phasianella australis, 21-530Phasianella australis, 21-530One turbinate, marine snail shell. The exterior is tan to beige and slightly reflective with color bands that are a reddish-brown that form a dashed pattern horizontally around the shell. The interior is cream. The shell has six whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and is covered with transverse growth lines. The dextral shell has an oval-shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle1810Australia
Thumbnail of Elimia caelatura, 21-520Elimia caelatura, 21-520Five turbinate freshwater snail shells. The exteriors of the shells are a dull brown color with ribs and nodules. The shells have three to five flat whorls with sutures that form small ledges between the whorls. The shells are dextral with oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Alabama, United States
Thumbnail of Cinctura lilium, 21-410Cinctura lilium, 21-410Two turbinate, marine sea snail shells. The shells are tan in color. Irregular, white veritcal lines surround each whorl from the apex through the body whorl along with sharp narrow bands of dark brown. The apices and siphonal canals of the shells are a reddish-brown color. The shells have eight whorls and well-defined sutures. The shells are dextral with oval shaped apertures. The oval shaped operculum are brown to dark brown in color, covered with striations, and narrow to a point at one end.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Epitonium multistriatum, 21-103Epitonium multistriatum, 21-103One turbinate, marine snail shell. The shell is white with eight whorls. The shell has deep sutures between each whorl and raised vertical striations along each whorl. The shell's raised striations are whiter in color than the rest of the shell. The shell is dextral, with an oval-shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Leptoxis carinata, 21-544Leptoxis carinata, 21-544Three turbinate, freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are tan and covered in a dark colored dirt. Internally, the shells are dark tan but appear to have once been white. The shells have three whorls, deep, moderately defined sutures, and are covered with transverse growth lines. The apices appear to have worn away leaving an indented area. The dextral shells have tear-drop shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Virginia, United States
Thumbnail of Terebra dislocata, 21-065Terebra dislocata, 21-065Twenty-six turriform, marine snail shells. The colors of the shells are pale pink, a light shade of tan and gray. There are approximately twenty whorls; however, the whorls fade tremendously approaching the apex. The ornamentation on these shells is detailed. Each whorl contains raised growth lines and vertical striations. Some shells have variations of color from whorl to whorl, for example, white to black. The shells are dextral with ""teardrop"" shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina/Bay Point
Thumbnail of Pleurobema verum, 21-469Pleurobema verum, 21-469One freshwater valve. The exterior is an orange-brown in color with visible growth lines and a white umbo due to wear. The interior of the valve is white with a shallow hinge and visible muscle scars and ventral margin. There is also a historic notation on the interior.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-18871810Alabama, United States
Thumbnail of Littoraria scabra, 21-229Littoraria scabra, 21-229One turbinate, marine snail shell. The shell is off-white with tan and dark-brown dashed color bands from the apex through the basal lip. The shell is dextral with six whorls, distinct suturing and a tear-drop shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421846Fiji Islands
Thumbnail of Margarites groenlandicus, 21-552Margarites groenlandicus, 21-552One trochoid marine snail shell. The exterior is a dull tan color with an area of dark brown on the dorsal side. The shell has five whorls, deep, well-defined sutures, and is covered with spiral raised lines. The dextral shell has a rounded aperture and an open umbilicus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Helicina fasciata, 21-358Helicina fasciata, 21-358Two lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are ivory in color, with an ivory color inside. Shell 21-358.2 has brown colored bands. The shells have four whorls and shallow, well-defined sutures. The shells have oval shaped apertures, and thin lips that are reflected onto their bases. The shells are dextral.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Martinique
Thumbnail of Viviparus subpurpureus, 21-082Viviparus subpurpureus, 21-082Seven turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are white and gray in color. Each shell has four whorls that are smooth and contain vertical striations. The shells are dextral, with oval-shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Beadle, Elias Root, 1812-1879;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Beadle, Elias Root, 1812-1879;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Louisiana, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio jayensis, 21-281Elliptio jayensis, 21-281Thirteen complete freshwater bivalves. Four of the bivalves are sealed closed with nine bivalves matching but not attached are present (18 valves). The shells are auriform in shape with colors ranging from dark tan, black, gray to white in combinations. The umbos are typically white, but coloration patterns vary with some showing swirls, color bands, and flaking. Growth lines are present and occasionally raised. The interiors of the shells are dull iridescent white nacre (mother of pearl) and have visible muscle scars.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Turritella communis, 21-104Turritella communis, 21-104Four turriform, marine snail shells. Coloration ranges from white to light tan. The shells have between ten to fifteen whorls, with deep sutures between each whorl. There are striations and there are growth bands going up the shells. There are three spiral ridges or ribs that run horizontally along each whorl. The shells are dextral and have circular shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Ovula ovum, 21-419Ovula ovum, 21-419One saltwater cowrie shell. The exterior of the shell is white with a few tan and black smudges with the interior a dark tan. The columellar side is rounded. The aperture is elongated and teeth only on the labrum side.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Moluccas, Indonesia
Thumbnail of Pleurocera vestita, 21-546Pleurocera vestita, 21-546One turriform freshwater snail shell. The shell is tan in color but grows darker in color approaching the apex. Internally, the shell is cream in color. The shell has eight flat whorls. The shell has well-defined sutures, which form small ledges between the whorls. The shell is dextral and is covered with transverse growth lines. The shell has an oval shaped aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Kaskaskia River, Illinois, United States
Thumbnail of Cepaea hortensis, 21-254Cepaea hortensis, 21-254Eleven lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. A representative shell has four whorls with shallow, but noticeable, sutures and two thick dark brown color bands. The shells have a great variety of ornamentation. Four of the shells are a consistent shade of tan with no color banding but with fine growth lines. The remaining seven shells exhibit dark brown stripes numbering from two to five. The shells are dextral with elliptical shaped apertures and thin white lips.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810France;Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Obliquaria reflexa, 21-474Obliquaria reflexa, 21-474Two freshwater mussel valves comprising one complete specimen. The exteriors are brown with three horns on each valve as ornamintation. The specimen also has pronounced growth lines. Hinge is deep, though the pallial line and muscle scars are distinct.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Littorina saxatilis, 21-227Littorina saxatilis, 21-227Twenty-seven lenticular, marine snail shells. Shells are tan, cream and a light pink in color with shallow sutures. Larger shells have light black lines in the body whorls. There are approximately five whorls per shell. The shells are dextral with oval-like shaped apertures and visible growth lines.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Elimia virginica, 21-556Elimia virginica, 21-556Three turbinate freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are tan to brown and have a dull appearance. The periostracum near the shells' apices has worn off leaving the area white. Internally, the shells are white. The shells have four whorls, deep sutures, transverse growth lines, and shallow striae that grow dark brown near the apertures. The dextral shells have oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810New Jersey, United States
Thumbnail of Urosalpinx cinerea, 21-052Urosalpinx cinerea, 21-052Twelve turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are light-tan, white and gray in color consisting of approximately four to five whorls each. The whorls contain raised striae that encircle the exterior of the shell with the growth lines. Raised costae travel vertically down the length of the shells. The vertical costae dip at each groove. The shells are dextral, with ""teardrop"" shaped apertures that extend basally into the siphonal canal.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810South Carolina
Thumbnail of Cerithium muscarum, 21-237Cerithium muscarum, 21-237Fifty-four turriform, marine snail shells. The shells are grey in color. A representative sample shows nine whorls with shallow sutures. The shells are ornamented with striations following under the small, numerous nodules that decrease in size approaching the apex. The shells are dextral with semi-circular apertures, thin lips and siphonal notches.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-18491810Florida
Thumbnail of Castalia ambigua, 21-356Castalia ambigua, 21-356Four valves comprising two complete freshwater mussels. The triangular-shaped valves are dark brown and have a rusty appearance. Internally the valves are slightly iridescent, and are silver to ivory in color. The valves have a small amount of silver interior nacre and a thick periostracum. The periostracum on the umbos of the valves and in various patches on the valves is flaking off due to wear. The valves are elongated, and are covered with growth lines, striations, and transverse striations. The valves have deep muscle scars and large hinge teeth. The valves have pointed posterior edges and rounded anterior edges.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Amazon River
Thumbnail of Alasmidonta undulata, 21-475Alasmidonta undulata, 21-475Two freshwater mussel valves comprising one complete specimen. The exteriors are brown with pronounced growth lines. There are also lighter brown lines going down vertically across the speicimen. Hinge is shallow, though the pallial line and the muscle scars are not distinct.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Canada to North Carolina
Thumbnail of Boreoscala greenlandica, 21-105Boreoscala greenlandica, 21-105Two turbinate, marine snail shells. The shells are white to gray in color with six whorls. There are deep sutures between each whorl, each with raised vertical striations (ribs). Fine horizontal striations run along each whorl. The shells are dextral, with oval-shaped apertures. The larger of the two shells has extensive damage.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Massachusetts
Thumbnail of Nerita tessellata, 21-511Nerita tessellata, 21-511One lenticular sea snail shell. The exterior of the shell is a dull white with black color bands running transverse each whorl giving a checkered effect. The apex of the shell is white. The shell has five to six whorls with deep, distinct sutures. The dextral shell has a large tear drop shaped aperture with numerous small teeth on the interior of the lip, which is not reflected.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810West Indies
Thumbnail of Massylaea vermiculata, 21-256Massylaea vermiculata, 21-256Three lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. Coloration consists of a light gray base with five, brown color bands. Ornamentation includes faint growth lines that, within the color bands, appear as dashes creating a streaky appearance overall. The shells are dextral with five whorls, shallow sutures, elliptical shaped apertures, and thin lips.Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Museum National d'Historie Naturelle; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810France
Thumbnail of Io fluvialis, 21-526Io fluvialis, 21-526Three turbinate, freshwater snail shells. The exteriors are tan to brown and dull in appearance. Internally, the shells are cream and slightly iridescent. The shells have five whorls, shallow sutures, and spines near the sutures on the body and middle whorls. The periostracum has flaked off the spines and apices of the shells. The shells are dextral with oval-shaped apertures.Brumby, Richard Trapier, 1804-1875;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Brumby, Richard Trapier, 1804-1875;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Nolichucky River, Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Bivalvia (indeterminate), 21-321Bivalvia (indeterminate), 21-321Two valves comprising one complete specimen. The exteriors coloration vary from ivory and tan to white in color. The interiors are gray, ivory, and white. The shells have a thick periostracum. that is no longer present over most of the exteriors, although patches of brown periostracum appear on the anterior edges. The shells are covered with growth lines and striations. The shells have very shallow muscle scars and small hinge teeth. The shells are triangular in shape with pointed posterior and anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Tricolia pullus, 21-570Tricolia pullus, 21-570Five turbinate marine snail shells. The exteriors are beighe and slightly reflective with red-brown color bands. The interiors are cream in color. The shells are covered with striae and transverse growth lines and have deep, well-defined sutures. The dextral shells have oval shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Zonitoides nitida, 21-186Zonitoides nitida, 21-186Six lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are tan in color with darker coloring near the apices. There are four whorls each covered in radial growth lines and the apices are nearly flat. The shells are dextral with oval-shaped apertures and completely open umbilici.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom
Thumbnail of Hippopus hippopus, 21-425Hippopus hippopus, 21-425One medium sized valve of a saltwater clam. The thick white shell is littered with purple-pink dashes. Striae run from the hinge to the outer edge and along with spines. The interior side of the shell is white with a jagged edge.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810
Thumbnail of Truncilla donaciformis, 21-384Truncilla donaciformis, 21-384Two freshwater mussel valves, one complete specimen. The exteriors are brown to tan in color with vertical, green color bands radiating from the hinges. Thin striations and growth lines run horizontally. The valves are ellipse in shape with white iridescent interiors.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Illinois, United States
Thumbnail of Elliptio angustata, 21-312Elliptio angustata, 21-312Two valves comprising one freshwater mussel. The exteriors are dark brown with a thick periostracum that is flaking due to wear. The interiors have an iridescent silver nacre, shallow muscle cars and small hinge teeth. The elliptical shaped shells are elongated and covered with growth lines and striations. The valves have pointed posterior edges and slightly pointed anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Abbeville, Abbeville County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Obovaria arkansasensis, 21-313Obovaria arkansasensis, 21-313Two valves comprising one complete freshwater mussel. The exteriors range in color from dark brown and tan to green with a thick periostracum that is flaking near the umbos due to wear. The interiors are iridescent silver to white. The valves have deep growth lines, striations, shallow muscle scars, and moderately sized hinge teeth. The valves have rounded anterior edges and squared posterior edges. The exterior surface of the valves is rough to the touch.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;White, George Washington, 1802-18871810
Thumbnail of Lampsilis teres, 21-306Lampsilis teres, 21-306Ten valves comprising five complete freshwater mussels. Externally, the valves are tan to dark brown in color with a thick periostracum. The interiors are iridescent with a white and silver nacre. The triangular valves have deep muscle scars with large hinge teeth. The valves have pointed posterior edges and rounded anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Blanding, William, 1773-1857;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Blanding, William, 1773-1857;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Frankfort, Franklin County, Kentucky, United States
Thumbnail of Excavata costata, 21-199Excavata costata, 21-199Two lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. One is a creamy tan color and the other is light gray in color. Raised striae and growth lines run horizontally around the shells. The shells are dextral with tear-drop shaped apertures.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-1892; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Newcomb, Wesley, 1818-18921810Jamaica
Thumbnail of Pleurobema rubrum, 21-396Pleurobema rubrum, 21-396Thirteen valves, six complete freshwater mussel specimens and one isolated valve. The exteriors are dark brown at the umbo, fading to a lighter brown near the edges and are covered in growth lines and striations. The periostracum is flaking at the umbos. The interiors are white and slightly iridescent, with deep muscle scars and large hinge teeth. The triangular shaped valves have rounded anterior edges and rounded posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Kentucky River, Frankfort, Franklin County, Kentucky, United States
Thumbnail of Lithopoma caelatum, 21-382Lithopoma caelatum, 21-382One trochoid, marine snail shell. The shell is off-white to tan in color with brown and brownish green dashes. There are approximately seven whorls covered in striae and radiating costae. The apex of the shell is much smoother than the rest of the exterior. The shell is dextral, with an oval shaped aperture. Inside the aperture, there is a glossy coating, and the umbilicus is closed.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Key West, Monroe County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Polygyra cereolus, 21-263Polygyra cereolus, 21-263Thirty-seven lenticular, terrestrial snail shells. The shells are gray in color, a representative shell has six whorls and shallow sutures. The shells have clear, defined growth lines. The shells are slightly conical and have vortex-like umbilici. The shells are dextral with a semi-circular (almost heart shaped) apertures with single denticles. The lips are thin and reflect slightly onto the body of the shell.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849;Wurdemann, Gustavus, 1818-1859; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849;Wurdemann, Gustavus, 1818-18591810Fort Pierce Inlet, Saint Lucie County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Arcidens confragosus, 21-314Arcidens confragosus, 21-314Two valves comprising one complete freshwater mussel. The shells are elliptical, and the exteriors show a range of colors from dark brown and tan to green. The anterior edge of the shells is rounded, and the posterior edge of the shells is squared. The interiors of the shells are an iridescent, silver to white nacre. Deep growth lines, striations, and nodules cover the shells. The thick periostracum on the nodules of the shells has flaked off due to wear. The shells have shallow muscle scars and moderately sized hinge teeth. Externally the shells are very rough.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Mississippi, United States
Thumbnail of Siliqua patula, 21-322Siliqua patula, 21-322Two valves comprising one complete salt water clam specimen. The shells are brown to tan in color, with a slightly iridescent, silver to white interior nacre. The periostracum on the umbos of the shells has flaked off due to wear. The shells are very elongated and are covered with growth lines and striations. The shells have deep muscle scars and very small hinge teeth. The shells are elliptical in shape. Shell 21-322.1 has two small holes. The valves have rounded posterior edges and anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County, California, United States
Thumbnail of Solen marginatus, 21-323Solen marginatus, 21-323Two valves comprising one complete saltwater clam. The exteriors are tan to ivory in color with purple colored streaks present. The shells are elongated and covered with growth lines and striations. The interiors are a slightly iridescent, tan to ivory color. The valves have shallow muscle scars and small hinge teeth. The valves are rectangular in shape, with a slight bend, which gives them more depth and creates a ""C"" shape when viewing them from the side. The shells have squared posterior edges and pointed anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Foreman, Edward R., 1808-1885;Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Europe
Thumbnail of Pholas dactylus, 21-324Pholas dactylus, 21-324Two valves comprising one complete saltwater clam. The exteriors are brown, tan and ivory. The interiors are a slightly iridescent, silver to white color. The shells have a small amount of silver interior nacre and a thin periostracum that has is flaking on the umbos due to wear. The shells are very elongated and covered with growth lines, striations, and small nodules. The shells have very shallow muscle scars and small hinge teeth. The shells are elliptical in shape, with large, pointed, beaked anterior edges and rounded posterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810England
Thumbnail of Fusconaia flava, 21-302Fusconaia flava, 21-302Four valves that form two complete freshwater mussels. The exteriors range from brown to tan in color and are covered with a thick periostracum that is flaking due to wear. The interiors are iridescent with white to silver nacre. The triangular valves have growth lines, deep muscle scars, large hinge teeth, and are covered with striations. The valves have pointed posterior edges and rounded anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Janthina janthina, 21-121Janthina janthina, 21-121Twenty-one lenticular in total (12 pictured), marine snail shells. The shells are lavender purple and white. The shells have approximately two to three whorls each. Coloration is mostly white on top, but purple underneath. The shells have growth lines and vertical striations. The apertures are mostly ""D"" shaped, but some have intricate curves inside the aperture.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Harvey, William Henry, 1811-1866;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-1849; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Harvey, William Henry, 1811-1866;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942;Wurdemann, Dr. John George F., 1810-18491810Key West, Monroe County, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Pleurobema clava, 21-388Pleurobema clava, 21-388Four valves that comprise two complete freshwater mussel specimens. The exteriors of the valves are brown in color with varying shades of light and dark brown. Well defined growth lines and striations radiate horizontally from the hinge across the shell. Thick, dark brown color bands appear on the exteriors of the shell. The interiors of the shells are white in color with a glossy iridescent hue.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Tennessee, United States
Thumbnail of Epioblasma torulosa, 21-391Epioblasma torulosa, 21-391One valve of a freshwater mussel. The valve is round in shape. The exterior of the valve is a light brown color with a green hue and reaches white near the hinge. Covering the exterior of the shell are thin, green, vertical striations that radiate from the hinge of the shell to the edges. The interior of the shell is white in color with a slightly pearlescent coating.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio River, Ohio, United States
Thumbnail of Obovaria subrotunda, 21-304Obovaria subrotunda, 21-304Six valves comprising three complete freshwater mussels. The shell exteriors are brown to dark brown with iridescent, white, silver, and gold nacre on the interiors. The exteriors are covered with a thick periostracum (flaking in places due to wear), growth lines, and striations. The shells have deep muscle scars and large hinge teeth. The shells are circular with round posterior and anterior edges.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894; Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-1942; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Mazyck, William Gaillard, 1846-19421810Ohio, United States
Thumbnail Title Description Naturalist Date Location Family Habitat
Thumbnail of Asplenium rhizophyllum, BY1566Asplenium rhizophyllum, BY1566One pressed specimen of a walking fern that was possibly collected in Cedar Cliff, NC, in 1853. Asplenium rhizophyllum L.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941853
Thumbnail of Vulpia octoflora, BY6426Vulpia octoflora, BY6426One pressed specimen of sixweeks fescue that was collected in 1857. Accepted: Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydb. Synonym: Festuca octoflora Walter.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941857-05Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Viola pedata, BY6445Viola pedata, BY6445One pressed specimen of bird-foot violet that was collected from Tallulah Falls in September 1892. Viola pedata L.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941892-09Tallulah Falls, Rabun County, Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Castanea pumila, BY6385Castanea pumila, BY6385One pressed specimen of an American chinquapin collected in August 1861. Castanea pumila Mill.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941861-08Summerville, Dorchester County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Acorus calamus, BY6367Acorus calamus, BY6367One pressed specimen of calamus that was collected in 1834. Acorus calamus L.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941834Columbia, Richland County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Sargassum natans, BY1676Sargassum natans, BY1676One pressed specimen of brown algae. Accepted: Sargassum natans (Linnaeus) Gaillon. Synonym: Sargassum bacciferum (Turner) C.Agardh.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941850-07-30Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Adiantum pedatum, BY1528Adiantum pedatum, BY1528One pressed specimen of maidenhair fern that was collected along a road from Callaghan, Alleghany Co., VA to White Sulpher Springs, Greenbrier Co., WV. Adiantum pedatum Linnaeus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941859-07-02
Thumbnail of Abies fraseri, BY6413Abies fraseri, BY6413One pressed specimen of a Fraser balsam fir that was collected from Canada by "Mrs. Percival"; the original label, still on the specimen, has the penciled notation, "from Elliotts Herb.[m?]." Fraser balsam firs are listed as "Endangered" on the IUCN Red List (2013), its decline due to an alien pathogen (insect) that has been decreasing populations since the 1960's.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Acetabularia crenulata, BY1650Acetabularia crenulata, BY1650One pressed specimen of green algae, commonly known as mermaid's wineglass, that was collected circa 1830-1890, along with the envelope it was mailed in. In addition, there are two specimens of red algae on the page with a note, "Laurencia obtusa mixed with Hypnea musciformis. Key West, Wurdemann."Wurdemann, John G. F., 1810-1849; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Key West, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Corallina officinalis, BY1674Corallina officinalis, BY1674One pressed specimen of red algae that was collected from Nahant, MA. Corallina officinalis Linnaeus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Pawley's Island, Georgetown County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Eriocaulon compressum, BY1051Eriocaulon compressum, BY1051One pressed specimen of a flattened pipewort that was collected from Santee, possibly circa 1838. Eriocaulon compressum Lamarck.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Santee, Orangeburg County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Chrysymenia halymenioides, BY1612Chrysymenia halymenioides, BY1612One pressed specimen of red algae that was collected in October 1874. Chrysymenia halymenioides Harvey.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941874-10Pawley's Island, Georgetown County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Ulva compressa, BY1677Ulva compressa, BY1677One pressed specimen of green algae. Accepted: Ulva compressa Linnaeus. Synonym: Enteromorpha compressa (Linnaeus) Nees.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Hypoglossum hypoglossoides, BY1671Hypoglossum hypoglossoides, BY1671One pressed specimen of red algae. Accepted: Hypoglossum hypoglossoides (Stackhouse) F.S.Collins & Hervey, 1917. Synonym: Delesseria hypoglossum (Woodward) J.V.Lamouroux, 1813.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941858-05-13Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Claytosmunda c. subsp. claytoniana, BY1504Claytosmunda c. subsp. claytoniana, BY1504One pressed specimen of an interrupted fern that was possibly collected in Monroe Co., WV. Accepted: Claytosmunda claytoniana subsp. claytoniana Synonym: Osmunda claytoniana L.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941859-07-05Monroe County, West Virginia, United States
Thumbnail of Dasya baillouviana, BY1619Dasya baillouviana, BY1619One pressed specimen of red algae that was collected during a full moon in August 1858. Accepted: Dasya baillouviana (S.G.Gmelin) Montagne, 1841. Synonym: Dasya elegans.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941858-08Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Dioscorea villosa, BY6380Dioscorea villosa, BY6380One pressed specimen of wild yam that was collected by "Dawson." Dioscorea villosa L.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Dawson, C.E.; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Chrysymenia halymenioides, BY1613Chrysymenia halymenioides, BY1613One pressed specimen of red algae that was collected in October 1875. Chrysymenia halymenioides Harvey.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941875-10Pawley's Island, Georgetown County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Grateloupia gibbesii, BY1648Grateloupia gibbesii, BY1648One pressed specimen of red algae. This species was named after Lewis R. Gibbes by his friend William H. Harvey. Grateloupia gibbesii Harvey, 1853.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Lobaria quercizans, BY1600Lobaria quercizans, BY1600One pressed specimen of a smooth lungwort that was collected circa 1850. Accepted: Ricasolia quercizans (Michx.) Stizenb. Synonym: Sticta quercizans (Michx.) Ach.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Chondrus crispus, BY1605Chondrus crispus, BY1605One pressed specimen of Irish moss that was collected from Nahant, MA in 1854. Chondrus crispus (L.) Stackhouse.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Nahant, Essex County, Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Maianthemum racemosum, BY6401Maianthemum racemosum, BY6401One pressed specimen of false Solomon's seal that was collected from Golden Grove. Accepted: Maianthemum racemosum Link. Synonym: Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941834-10-02Golden Grove, Greenville County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Sagittaria rigida, BY6360Sagittaria rigida, BY6360One pressed specimen of a sessile-fruited arrowhead that was collected from Pendleton (near the Pickens County border) in April 1838. Accepted: Sagittaria rigida Pursh. Synonym: Sagittaria heterophylla PurshGibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941834-09Pendleton, Anderson County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Codium tomentosum, BY1646Codium tomentosum, BY1646One pressed specimen of green algae. Codium tomentosum Stackh.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Osmundastrum cinnamomeum, BY6410Osmundastrum cinnamomeum, BY6410One pressed specimen of a cinnamon fern that was collected from the "Charleston neck." Accepted: Osmundastrum cinnamomeum (L.) C. Presl. Synonym: Osmunda cinnamomea L.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Leersia oryzoides, BY1068Leersia oryzoides, BY1068One pressed specimen of rice cut-grass. Leersia oryzoides (Linnaeus) Swartz.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941835-09-20Columbia, Richland County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Eustachys petraea, BY1063Eustachys petraea, BY1063One pressed specimen of pinewoods finger grass that was collected circa 1830-1835. Accepted: Eustachys petraea Desv. Synonym: Chloris petraea Swartz.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941830Columbia, Richland County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Juniperus virginiana, BY6379Juniperus virginiana, BY6379One pressed specimen of a red cedar that was collected from the Charleston vicinity. Juniperus virginiana L.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Ulva intestinalis, BY1681Ulva intestinalis, BY1681One pressed specimen of green algae that was collected in January 1850. This algae can live in an environment of marine or fresh water. Accepted: Ulva intestinalis Linnaeus. Synonym: Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linnaeus) Nees.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941850-01Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Zizaniopsis miliacea, BY1069Zizaniopsis miliacea, BY1069One pressed specimen of giant-cutgras that was collected in 1833. Zizaniopsis miliacea (Michx.) Döll & Asch. Original label: Zizania miliacea.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941833Columbia, Richland County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Saccharina latissima, BY1678Saccharina latissima, BY1678One pressed specimen of brown algae. Accepted: Saccharina latissima (Linnaeus) C.E.Lane, C.Mayes, Druehl & G.W.Saunders. Synonym: Ulva latissima Linnaeus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Solieria chordalis, BY1624Solieria chordalis, BY1624One pressed specimen of red algae. Solieria chordalis (C.Agardh) J.Agardh, 1842.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941854-03-14Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Panicum boscii, BY1072Panicum boscii, BY1072One pressed specimen of Bosc's panicgrass that was collected in August 1835. Panicum boscii Poiret Original label: Panicum walteri.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941835-08Columbia, Richland County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Osmunda claytoniana, BY1553Osmunda claytoniana, BY1553One pressed specimen of interrupted fern that was collected on a road from White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier Co., WV, to Callaghan, Alleghany Co., VA. The term "interrupted" describes the gap left by the reproductive portions after they die and fall off the middle of the blade. The fossil record of Osmunda c. has been found as far back as the Triasic and paleontological evidence has indicated that it has remained unchanged for at least 180 million years. Osmunda claytoniana L.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941859-07-02
Thumbnail of Halarachnion ligulatum, BY1661Halarachnion ligulatum, BY1661One pressed specimen of red algae. Accepted: Halarachnion ligulatum (Woodward) Kützing, 1843. Synonym: Halymenia ligulata (Woodward) C.Agardh, 1822.Harvey, William Henry, 1811-1866; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Harvey, William Henry, 1811-1866Key West, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Woodwardia virginica, BY6375Woodwardia virginica, BY6375One pressed specimen of a Virginia chain fern that was collected from the "Charleston neck" in 1855. Woodwardia virginica (L.) Sm.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941855Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Pinus virginiana, BY6412Pinus virginiana, BY6412One pressed specimen of a scrub pine that was collected from Table Rock. Pinus virginiana Mill.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Table Rock, Pickens County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Gaillona hookeri, BY1604Gaillona hookeri, BY1604One pressed specimen of red algae that was collected from the NY Harbor, possibly in 1854. Accepted: Gaillona hookeri (Dillwyn) Athanasiadis. Synonym: Callithamnion polyspermum C.Agardh.Jackson, Halliday; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894
Thumbnail of Uniola paniculata, BY6433Uniola paniculata, BY6433One pressed specimen of North American seaoats that was possibly collected by Gibbes. This plant's tall leaves trap wind-blown sand and encourage the growth of sand dunes while its ample rhizomes and deep roots stabilize them; because of this, seaoats help protect beaches from damage (ie. erosion) due to storm surges, high winds and tides. This plant is also beneficial to birds, insects and small animals who depend on it for food and a habitat. Uniola paniculata L.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941855-10-22Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Asplenium platyneuron, BY1049Asplenium platyneuron, BY1049One pressed specimen of ebony spleenwort that was collected circa 1850 - 1860. Accepted: Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Synonym: Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Oakes.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Sagittaria graminea, BY6358Sagittaria graminea, BY6358One pressed specimen of a grassy arrowhead that was collected in April 1835. Sagittaria graminea Michx.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941835-04Columbia, Richland County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Dictyota dichtoma, BY1627Dictyota dichtoma, BY1627One pressed specimen of brown algae. Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) J.V.Lamouroux.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Tuckermannopsis ciliaris, BY1601Tuckermannopsis ciliaris, BY1601One pressed specimen of ciliate wrinkle-lichen that was collected in Rome, GA, circa 1850. Accepted: Tuckermannopsis ciliaris (Ach.) Gyeln. Synonym: Cetraria ciliaris Ach.Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887Floyd County, Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Corallina officinalis, BY1675Corallina officinalis, BY1675One pressed specimen of red algae that was collected circa 1850-1860. Corallina officinalis Linnaeus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Pawley's Island, Georgetown County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Agrostis scabra, BY1066Agrostis scabra, BY1066One pressed specimen of hair grass that was collected in May 1835. Accepted: Agrostis scabra Willd. Synonym: Trichodium laxiflorum Bigelow ex Michx. Original label: Trichodium laxiflora.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941835-05Columbia, Richland County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Corallina officinalis, BY1610Corallina officinalis, BY1610One pressed specimen of red seaweed that was collected from Nahant, MA in September 1854. Corallina officinalis Linnaeus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941854-09Nahant, Essex County, Massachusetts, United States
Thumbnail of Lorinseria areolata, BY1045Lorinseria areolata, BY1045One pressed specimen of a netted chain fern that was collected near Charleston on Plank Rd. Accepted: Lorinseria areolata C.Presl. Synonym: Woodwardia areolata (Linnaeus) Moore.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941859-08-05Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Caulerpa racemosa, BY1654Caulerpa racemosa, BY1654One pressed specimen of green algae that was collected circa 1830-1890. Accepted: Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskĺl) J.Agardh, 187.3 Synonym: Caulerpa clavifera (Turner) C.Agardh, 1817.Harvey, William Henry, 1811-1866; Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894;Harvey, William Henry, 1811-1866Key West, Florida, United States
Thumbnail of Fucus vesiculosus, BY1658Fucus vesiculosus, BY1658One pressed specimen of brown algae that was collected from Le Havre, Department of Seine-Maritime in October 1837. Fucus vesiculosus Linnaeus.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941837-10
Thumbnail of Lindera melissifolia, BY6394Lindera melissifolia, BY6394One pressed specimen of a southern spicebush. Accepted: Lindera melissifolia Blume. Synonym: Lindera melissaefolia (Walter) Blume.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941859-10-08Summerville, Dorchester County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Lactuca canadensis, BY1524Lactuca canadensis, BY1524One pressed specimen of wild lettuce that was collected from White Sulpher Springs, WV. Lactuca canadensis Linne.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941859-07-03Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States
Thumbnail of Hydrodictyon reticulatum, BY1688Hydrodictyon reticulatum, BY1688One pressed specimen of water net, a fresh water green algae, that was collected circa 1830-1890. Accepted: Hydrodictyon reticulatum (Linnaeus) Bory de Saint-Vincent. Synonym: Hydrodictyon utriculatum Roth.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, United States
Thumbnail of Platanthera flava, BY6409Platanthera flava, BY6409One pressed specimen of a palegreen orchid that was collected from Tallulah Falls in September 1892. Accepted: Platanthera flava Lindl. Synonym: Habenaria flava (L.) R.Br.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941892-09Tallulah Falls, Rabun County, Georgia, United States
Thumbnail of Bryopsis plumosa, BY1623Bryopsis plumosa, BY1623One pressed specimen of hen pen. Bryopsis plumosa (Hudson) C. Agardh.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-18941854-05-01Sullivans Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States
Thumbnail of Lorinseria areolata, BY6374Lorinseria areolata, BY6374One pressed specimen of a netted chain fern that was collected from the "Charleston Neck." Accepted: Lorinseria areolata C.Presl. Synonym: Woodwardia areolata (L.) Moore.Gibbes, Lewis Reeves, 1810-1894Charleston, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States